清代學術，以考據為其代表。此為理學主盟學界五六百年後之一大變革。由於考 據學成為清朝當運之學術主流，而梁啟超《清代學術概論》又云「吾言清學之出發點，在對 於宋明理學一大反動」，於是一般人遂多以為義理之學入清便已趨於沈淪，甚至有言清學起 而理學亡者。實則義理學入清，雖已無力再主導學界，但亦非如論者所云之聲沈。清學固以 考據為其大宗，但亦何嘗不言義理？故有如浙東史學一脈之兼重理學者。浙東史學由黃宗羲 開山，黃為蕺親炙弟子，纂有《明儒學案》、《宋元學案》等理學鉅著，並致力於保存殘明 文獻諸多史作之撰述；復以其表彰氣節、發揚忠義之理學精神，激揚踔厲萬斯同、全祖望、 章學誠�獶齔幼�東史家，亦均一秉扶持綱常世教之凜然不屈勁節，以發明幽隱，徵存明季之 史料。是以本文即試圖透過浙東史學，以一窺義理學入清以後，雖已退居伏流，卻仍然不絕 如縷之發展情況。

　　　　　The scholarship of the Ch'ing Dynasty is remarkable in the development of Chinese academics. Prior to the Ch'ing the devlopment of Chinese scholarship had always emphasized thought, but Ch'ing Dynasty scholarship is unique for its excellence in textual studies. Moreover, the development of textual studies coincided exactly with the triumph of the Ch'ing over the Ming Dynasty. Thus later scholars who sought to explain Ch'ing Dynasty scholarship naturally said that the reason for its was dissatisfaction with earlier scholarship. For example, Liang Chi'-ch'ao believed that it arose from dissatisfaction with the rationalism of the Sung and Ming dynasties. However, all these accounts maintain a king of negative, non-confirming attitude towards Ch'ing Dynasty scholarship. Thus Ch'ing Dynasty scholarship has been considered to be lacking in rational thought. However, when textual studies dominated the scholarly world, the Chetung historians tendency. Thus, this paper discusses the development of early Ch'ing rationalism from the point of view of the Che-tund historians.