本研究目的在透過問卷調查瞭解國小輔導工作實施的需要、現況、與實施困境，以為未來發展國小輔導師培育模式之依據。本研究透過全省分層隨機抽樣，取得有效樣本863人為研究對象。研究工具乃研究者自編之「國小輔導工作現況問卷」。綜合本研究發現如下： 1.問卷信效度：因素分析抽得輔導工作施需要與現況二個因素，分別為：全校性輔導工作、個案輔導工作。輔導工作困境與可克服性則抽得五個因素，分別是：輔導專業與態度的缺、 對輔導的迷思、輔導資源的缺乏、輔導人員的角色問題、以及輔導效能的限制。整體而言，信度介於可接受至良好之間。2.國小輔導工作實施的需要性：各項輔導工作實施的需要性均獲得普遍的肯定，其中「輔導老師與學生家長討論如何輔導其子女的問題」需求性最高，「輔導老師與家長溝通」、「輔導老師與校內其他老師溝通和協調」次之。3.國小輔導工作實施的現況：學校內主要從事輔導工作的的人以級任老為為主。各項輔導工作實施的頻率介於「很少如此」到「有時如此」。4.國小輔導工作實施的困境：困境最高者是「家長缺乏輔導理念」，「輔導經費不足」、「非輔導工作佔太多時間」次之。以困境克服的可能性而言，「輔導人員缺乏專業知能」此困境最可能被克服，而「家長缺乏輔導理念」則最難被克服。 　　根據以上研究發現，本研究進一步作討論並提出未來發展國小輔導師資培育模式之建議。

　　　　　The major purpose of this study is to explore the current works of elementary school guidance and counseling and to reflect on the issue of counselor training. Three perspectives, need, current work, and barrier, are investigated through questionnaires. The results from 863 subjects are as follow: 1.Factor analysis showed 2 factors on the Need/Current Work scale, and 5 factors on the Barrier scale. In general, the degree of internal consistency was from acceptable to good. 2.Each item of elementary school guidance and counseling was highly demanded, of which the most needed item was "school guidance workers talk with parents about their children's problems." 3.The major faculty to assist the school guidance was teachers. The frequency of performing on each item of elementary school guidance and counseling was in general from "seldom does" to "sometimes does." 4.The largest barrier elementary school guidance and counseling encountered was "parents lack the concept of guidance," while the same item also the one of being least manageable. Based on the result above, this study discusses further and presents suggestions regarding the training issues for elementary school counselors.