十九世紀席捲歐洲的民族主義，在殖民地也激起了不少的漣漪。從十六世紀開始受到英國殖民的愛爾蘭，在十九世紀開始也展開了去殖民和文化民族主義間的相軌發展，本文藉著愛爾蘭詩人葉慈領導的「塞爾特文學再生運動」，耙梳愛爾蘭在十九世紀末如何從政治之外，在文化上找到一條既可以抗拒英國霸權，以能尋回自己的主體。同時也藉著考察愛爾蘭的歷史，讓我們看到民族主義和去殖民活動中，如何在重構過去的歷史中，建造出集體記憶，進而尋得共同體的出現。

Nineteenth-century nationalism was a glaring phenomenon not only in Europe areas, but also in colonies. In the sixteenth century English Empire deliver on the full-scale colonization to Ireland. Nationalist of Ireland in nineteenth-century spread up decolonization and culture nationalism movement. This essay want to search for Celtic Renaissance that leader was W. B. Yeats how to reach Irish past. In the method, we can to analyze political affairs in Ireland. Nationalism and decolonization has alike that reproduce images of Ireland in order to anti-England. In the end Ireland established community in 1922.