This paper is intended to explore Han Fei Zi’s views about human nature and discuss whether his doctrine was oriented to the claim that human nature is originally evil. To deal with this topic profoundly, we first sort out the doctrines about human nature as either good or evil from in Pre-qin Period, and then compare them with Han Fei Zi’s doctrine so as to highlight the features of the latter. First, we explore one of Han’s concepts about human nature, “the heart of ontonomy.” The desire for profit, he thought, is part of the universal nature and expressed in the people’s behavior of “preferring profit to harm.” Therefore he claimed that the relationships between people were based on calculation, which was also the most important motivation of people’s behaviors. Second, we deal with the application of Han’s doctrine in political thoughts. Han was concerned with politics, and his observation about human nature was meant for the king to govern the state accordingly. Since “preferring profit to harm” is part of human nature, the king was supposed to cater to it and use punishment and reward as a necessary strategy of ruling. Regarding whether Han Fei Zi’s doctrine of human nature claimed human nature to be originally evil, unlike like his master Xun Zi, who assumed human nature to be evil and required cultivation, Han believed that the king was supposed take advantage of the good and the evil of human nature in his ruling. Accordingly, to Han, human nature was indeed a political tool of instrumental rather than moral values. In contrast with Mencius and Xun Zi, who judged the good or evil of human nature in terms of morality, Han saw human nature from an instrumental perspective.