It is a quasi-consensus that any curriculum reflects a certain political activity. The development and reform of curriculum are part of the process of power redistribution in the broadest sense. Due to this fact, research of 'curriculum politics' becomes significant. Thus, Japan's adoption of primary school curriculum standard on March, 2008 has captured the attention of the public. The fact that the bitter fight and hot debates on the neutrality of education among the members of the Cabinet, MEXT (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology), Central Council for Education and the academia have had certain impact on the revision of the curriculum standard. This paper takes the case of Japan as an example to discuss the problem of curriculum developmental mechanism and its implementation. We analyze social and political features found in the process of revision of the curriculum standard, based on which we illustrate the complicated relationship between curriculum and politics.