The aim of this study was to investigate the difference of gender role ideology, household division of labor, and the effect of gender role on household division of labor. The researchers applied the questionnaire developed by Huang et al. (2000) for the dual career couples. Samples were drawn from Taiwan, Shanghai and Hong Kong. Results of this study showed that the three areas are effected by the patriarchal culture, and they were agreed in the dimensions of the “traditional gender role ideology”, and “the husband’s gender role ideology are more traditional than wife”. But, “gender duty and power” were not agreed more. However, there were some differences among three areas. For example, in Shanghai, married women were the most traditional. In all the three areas, wives did the more household than husbands. Only, household division of labor were not supported by gender in Shanghai. Beside, the Time-Useable theory, the resource theory, and the gender role ideology of household division of labor are agreed for Taiwan couples; and the gender role ideology are agreed for Hong Kong couples. The three theory of household division of labor are not agreed for Shanghai couples.