Extending years of compulsory education is to enhance the quality of the citizens and promote national economic and social development. After the Second World War, the countries actively engaged in the expansion of education and extended years of compulsory education. Related to the program of extending compulsory education years has become a long-standing goal of educational planning in Taiwan .We hope that it is to relieve the academic pressure for junior high school students and improve the quality of national human. This article first discusses four key issues of the national twelve-year basic education System which will be fully implemented in 2014, including: (1) entrance examination approach; (2) curriculum and teaching; (3) student learning, and (4) educational expenditure. Finally, it suggests some solution strategies for education administrative institutions, they are: (1)planning carefully “open admission” and “characteristic enrollment” practices for senior high and vocational schools; (2)maping out integrally the curriculum framework by “student-centered” and adopting teachers innovative teaching methods; (3)advising students to change their learning ways; (4)suggesting the government to subsidize students’ tuition gradually and strengthen education investment for counseling schools to the quality development.