The purpose of this study was to explore the effect on reading comprehension of the 5th graders of elementary school by use of summary strategy instruction for reading juvenile fictions, and to understand the learning condition after using summary strategy instruction and the performance of reading comprehension of the schoolchildren in the experimental group.Adopting quasi-experiments, the 5th graders of Yang Guang Elementary School received the summary strategy instruction for 9 weeks, during teaching period, they read two textbooks and three novels in order to understand the differential condition of reading comprehension between the experimental group and the control group after teaching. The research instruments of the study were ”Reading comprehension test for elementary School Senior Graders”, ”Summary strategy learning sheet”, ”SPSS of reading juvenile fictions by use of summary strategy”, and ”Interview outline”. According to the purpose of this study, the research instruments will be described in the study for evaluating the effect of summary strategy on schoolchildren's reading comprehension. The resultant data are subject to proc t-test, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, ANCOVA and percentage rank for statistic analysis.The main conclusions of the study are as follows:1. To facilitate schoolchildren's performance of summary ability by means of teachers and peer group's instruction and independent step training.2. There was no significant effect on the 5th graders' reading comprehension apply summary strategy instruction.3. As to the course activity of ”Reading juvenile fictions applying summary strategy instruction, the schoolchildren in the experimental group have an affirmative and positive idea and attitude for cognition, affection and skill.The conclusion of study was proposed as references for teachers and future research concerned.