“Tianxia,” a concept firstly developed in the Zhou Dynasty, has been practiced throughout the Chinese history and become the essence of Chinese political thought in dealing with inter-state relations. Base on the traditional notion of Tianxia perspectives, Zhao Tingyang, a Chinese scholar, argues that the Tianxia system is an inclusive world order of co-existence. Nevertheless, Zhao’s thesis can hardly explain the dynamics of power competition in global politics. By synthesizing original concepts of Tian (heaven), Tianxia (all under heaven), and Tianming (heaven’s mandate), the traditional Chinese Tianxia indeed not only well explains the transformation of international order but also inspires us for the understandings of hegemonic governance and the transition of hegemonic order. This article removes the Chinese-barbarian cultural bias in the traditional Chinese Tianxia and develops a new research approach to international relations: Globalized Tianxia. It concludes that hegemonic transitions and governance patterns can be better explained by “Heaven’s Uncertain Mandate” of the Globalized Tianxia.