本文旨在探討王夫之（船山，1619-1692）《正蒙注》的五行觀與現代意義。在研究方法上，以概念澄清法為主，脈絡研究法為輔。依此，在全文研究步驟上，首論「船山會通《太極圖說》詮解《正蒙》五行觀之詮釋進路」，以《太極圖說》層層敞開《正蒙》五行觀所依據的氣本體論與氣化宇宙論，以及釐清五行說的理論有效界域。其次，則探討「《張子正蒙注》對張載五行觀之開展」，並指出船山如何立基氣論，分別就「五行之序」，「五行八卦之比配」，以及「中央土寄王說」等子議題，拓展《正蒙》五行觀。最後，則藉古思今，由船山面對科學與科技新知，呈現儒者所當採取的研究態度。

This paper presents five-element theory in Zheng-Meng Zhu by Fu-Zhi Wang (Chuanshan, 1619–1692) and its contemporary meaning. This study was conducted primarily using conceptual clarification complemented by contextual inquiry. First, the interpretation approach of the Taichi diagram of ChuanshanHuitung on the five-element theory of Zheng-Meng was discussed. The Taichi diagram was used to explicate the Qi-ontology and cosmologyon which five-element theory was based level by level and to clarify the effective precinct of five-element theory. Second, the development of Zhangzai's five-element theory in Zhangzi Zheng-Meng Zhu was examined, and the approach that Chaunshan adopted to establish the Qi-ontology was indicated. The Zheng-Meng five-element theory was developed on the basis of subtopics such as ＂the sequence of the five elements＂, ＂comparison of the five elements with the eight trigrams＂, and ＂Zhongyang-Tu-ji-wang-Shuo＂. Finally, the past was used to reflect on the present. The works of Chuanshan were used to examine contemporary science and technological knowledge, thereby demonstrating the study attitudes that Confucians should possess.