本文以國際上發生的一些事件為例，從民族主義的角度，分析台灣的族群認同與兩岸關係。基本上，作者認為，民族、族群、認同都是建構出來的，民族是想像的共同體，民族主義只是遂行某些目的的產物。由於民族主義常以建國為終極目標，因此隱含著分離主義，意即得從另一個共同體中分離出來。支持台灣獨立的人，利用台灣民族主義建構「台灣人」不是「中國人」的論述；支持兩岸結合的人，利用文化、血緣、語言等歷史關聯建構一個「中國民族主義」。這兩種意識型態的產生都是為了解決兩岸關係，以前不存在，以後也會消失。整體而言，兩岸關係的問題在「心理」，所以要族群認同。但影響兩岸未來發展的動力卻不是兩岸人民，而是國際氛圍，換句話說，是統是獨，或者還有別的狀況，要看國際局勢的變化，而武力恐怕仍是解決紛爭最後的手段。

This essay analyzes the ethnic identity and cross-strait relations in Taiwan from the aspect of nationalism. Basically, the author think that nation, ethnic groups and identity are all constructed. Nation is an imagined community, and nationalism is the result of certain purposes. Since statehood is the ultimate goal of nationalist's activity, nationalism will include separatism. In other words, there is no so-called new community, a birth of new community means a breaking of old community. For those supporters of Taiwanese independence, Taiwanese nationalism is a new construction. They don't want to consider themselves as Chinese. For those supporters of unification, the historical link of culture, blood, and language beween Taiwan and Mainland China is the stuff of Chinese nationalism. Both ideologies were created to resolve cross-strait relations that had not existed before and would have disappeared in the future. In terms of cross-strait relations, this is a problem of ＂psychological＂, so they have to identify with the ethnic groups. But the future development of cross-strait was decided by the international atmosphere, and I am afraid fighting is still the final means of resolving this dispute.