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題名:安福國會選舉--論腐化為民主政治的絆腳石
書刊名:中央研究院近代史研究所集刊
作者:張朋園
作者(外文):Chang, Peng-yuan
出版日期:1998
卷期:30
頁次:頁149+151-224
主題關鍵詞:民主政治國會選舉議員背景精英主義賄賂腐化DemocracyNational assembly electionBackground of representativesElitismBriberyCorruption
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(3) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
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     國會選舉是民主政治重要的一環。中國從滿清末年至民國年間先後有四次選舉:第一次在1910年,清廷設資政院,民選議員由各省諮議局產生,中國人初嚐民主政治的滋味;第二次在1913年,辛亥革命帶給了中國人正式的國會選舉;第三次在1918年,是所謂的新國會,也是人所熟知的安福國會;第四次是1947年國民黨還政於民所推動的國會選舉。 著者曾經將第一、二兩次選舉分別撰文介紹,本文是第三次選舉的初步探討,對新國會的組織法、選舉過程、選舉結果、黨派關係等變數均有所分析和討論。在閱讀資料過程中,發現賄賂選舉極其嚴重,因此全文又多了一個投注的重點,特別深入討論腐化與傳統文化的關係,並將之與西方主要先進國家作一比較。此外本文又引精英概念(elitism)為討論輔,發現當選議員的特徵大多是傳統與現代性的結合。
     Any national assembly election is bound to be one of the important indicators of a democratic system. The Chinese people have tried to build up their own democratic political system since the late Qing Dynasty and during the Republican years and four national assembly elections were held with this political aim in mind. The first one was called in 1910 Zizheng Yuan, in which just fifty percent of the representatives came from the provincial assemblies, which were in turn established through a nation-wide election; the second one took place in 1913, just two years after the Revolution of 1911, in which a national assembly was formally established by an election; the third one followed in 1918, it was called the New Assembly, or sarcastically, the Anfu Assembly; and the fourth one appeared in 1947, and it was the national assembly under the Nationalists. As this writer has already made separate studies of the first and second assemblies, this paper is trying only to make a brief survey of the third election, the New Assembly. Attention is concentrated on the organization, the process of voting and the result of ballot casting. The interactions between parties and factions have also received, to a certain extent, some observations and analysis. This writer has found that bribery was one of the most serious single defects in the course of election. This seems to be a vice also plaguing many other countries on the way of their political struggle for democracy. As to the question "is corruption related to a political culture?", a comparative discussion has been attempted briefly here. In addition to those variables referred to above, elitism is employed to grapple with the intellectual background of the representatives which was both traditional and modern in the period of China's transition.
期刊論文
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2.王業立(19950500)。單記非讓渡投票制的政治影響:我國民意代表選舉制度的探討。選舉研究,2(1),147-167。new window  延伸查詢new window
3.張朋園(19790500)。從民初國會選舉看政治參與--兼論蛻變中的政治優異份子。歷史學報,7,363-447。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.樂天(1918)。安福國會選舉現形記。戊午雜誌,2。  延伸查詢new window
5.林熙(1979)。安福俱樂部簡史。大成雜誌,75,35。  延伸查詢new window
6.(1918)。議員之選舉。順天時報。  延伸查詢new window
7.劉冰天(1980)。關於徐樹錚與安福俱樂部。文史資料選輯,26。  延伸查詢new window
8.張朋園(1977)。中央研究院近代史研究所集刊。中央研究院近代史研究所集刊,6,415。  延伸查詢new window
9.胡適。答丁在君先生論民主與獨裁。獨立評論,133。  延伸查詢new window
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1.蕭一山(1967)。清代通史。清代通史。上海。  延伸查詢new window
2.鄭端耀(1992)。美國國會選舉經費限制之改革。美國國會之制度與運作。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
3.Myrdal, Gunnar(1968)。Asian drama: An inquiry into the poverty of nations。New York:Pantheon。  new window
4.三水梁燕孫先生年譜。三水梁燕孫先生年譜。  延伸查詢new window
5.Scott, James C.(1972)。Comparative Political Corruption。Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey:Prentice-Hall。  new window
6.陳儀深(198905)。獨立評論的民主思想。臺北:聯經事業出版公司。  延伸查詢new window
7.謝彬(1962)。民國政黨史。臺北:文星書店。  延伸查詢new window
8.楊幼炯(1960)。中國立法史。臺北:中國文化事業股份有限公司。  延伸查詢new window
9.郭秋慶(1986)。德國選舉制度與政黨政治。德國選舉制度與政黨政治。臺北。new window  延伸查詢new window
10.Nathan, Andrew J.(1976)。Peking Politics, 1918-1923: Factiionalism and the Failure of Constitutionalism。Berkeley。  new window
11.陳茹玄(194707)。中國憲法史。上海。  延伸查詢new window
12.近代史研究所民國史研究室(1978)。民國人物傳。民國人物傳。北京。  延伸查詢new window
13.劉以芬(1954)。民國政史拾遺。民國政史拾遺。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
14.Ho, Ping-ti(1959)。Studies on the Population of China, 1368-1953。Cambridge, Massachusetts:Harvard University Press。  new window
15.張朋園(1981)。梁啟超與民國政治。臺北:食貨出版社。new window  延伸查詢new window
16.Rawski, Evelyn Sakakida(1979)。Education and Popular Literacy in Ch'ing China。University of Michigan Press。  new window
17.胡佛(1998)。政治學的科學研究(三):政治參與與選舉行為。臺北市:三民書局。  延伸查詢new window
18.Schumpeter, Joseph A.(1950)。Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy。New York:Harper & Brothers Publishers。  new window
19.Huntington, Samuel P.(1968)。Political Order in Changing Societies。Yale University Press。  new window
20.蕭公權(1960)。Rural China: Imperial Control in the Nineteenth Century。University of Washington Press。  new window
21.Huntington, Samuel Phillips(1991)。The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century。University of Oklahoma Press。  new window
22.郭廷以(1979)。中華民國史事日誌。中央研究院近代史研究所。  延伸查詢new window
23.人權與女權。飲冰室文集。  延伸查詢new window
24.Sills, David L.(1968)。International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences。Eleations: Electoral Systems (Vol. 5)。  new window
25.吳錫祺(1980)。徐樹錚之死。文史資料選輯(第二輯)。  延伸查詢new window
26.劉振生(1980)。安福系的形成及其內幕。文史資料選輯(三)。北京。  延伸查詢new window
27.南海胤子(1920)。安福禍國記。安福禍國記。  延伸查詢new window
28.李劍農(1967)。中國近百年政治史(冊二)。中國近百年政治史(冊二)。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
29.Campell, Angus(1967)。The American Voter: An Abridgement。The American Voter: An Abridgement。New York。  new window
30.陶菊隱(1984)。北洋軍閥統治時期史話。北洋軍閥統治時期史話。北京。  延伸查詢new window
31.Hermet, Guy(1978)。Elections without Chioce。Elections without Chioce。New York。  new window
32.Bryce, James(1996)。The American Commonwealth。The American Commonwealth。New Delhii。  new window
33.Boissevain, Jeremy(1978)。Patronage in Sicily。Political Corruption。New Brunswick。  new window
34.黎安友。北洋政治:派系政爭與憲政不果。北洋政治:派系政爭與憲政不果。  延伸查詢new window
35.Nathan, Ander J.(1997)。Chinese Dempcracy: The Leasons of Failure。Chinese Dempcracy: The Leasons of Failure。New York。  new window
36.Inglehart, Ronald(1997)。Modernization and Post-Modernization: Cultural, Economic and Political Changes in 43 Countries。New Jersey:Princeton University Press。  new window
37.劉壽林、萬仁元(1995)。民國職官表。民國職官表。北京。  延伸查詢new window
其他
1.(19210624)。南京快信。  延伸查詢new window
2.修正中華民國國會組織法。  延伸查詢new window
3.蘇州初選舉之確期,上海。  延伸查詢new window
4.國會初選舉方法宜慎重規定說,北京。  延伸查詢new window
5.(1918)。政海潮流之裡面與真相。  延伸查詢new window
6.(1917)。東報紀交通系之離合概觀-分離之勢是事實,但又謂其不破裂,廣州。  延伸查詢new window
7.力陳選舉調查之冒濫,上海。  延伸查詢new window
8.復查「上海」參院選舉人數,上海。  延伸查詢new window
9.(1918)。武昌,廣州。  延伸查詢new window
10.(1918)。蘇州,廣州。  延伸查詢new window
11.(1918)。京兆選舉之風潮,上海。  延伸查詢new window
12.(1918)。九江,上海。  延伸查詢new window
13.(1918)。松江,上海。  延伸查詢new window
14.(1918)。各省籌備國會事務局電。  延伸查詢new window
15.(1918)。中央選舉第一部之聯歡會,上海。  延伸查詢new window
16.(1918)。新選舉之大勢談,上海。  延伸查詢new window
17.(1918)。湖北選舉新消息,上海。  延伸查詢new window
18.(1918)。中央選舉會之怪象,上海。  延伸查詢new window
19.(1918)。大競爭之一,上海。  延伸查詢new window
20.(1918)。安福部破裂矣,廣州。  延伸查詢new window
21.(1918)。收買存土案大黑幕之批露,廣州。  延伸查詢new window
22.(1918)。安福交通兩系之分裂,廣州。  延伸查詢new window
23.(1963)。徐樹錚電稿,北京。  延伸查詢new window
24.(1918)。議員選舉與朝野之運動。  延伸查詢new window
25.(1918)。江蘇非法選舉之怪象:安福系爭不過研究系,廣州。  延伸查詢new window
26.(1918)。陳國祥來奉運動選舉。  延伸查詢new window
27.(1918)。續記江蘇參院投票之不成,上海。  延伸查詢new window
28.(1918)。江陰,上海。  延伸查詢new window
29.(1918)。津埠選舉之形形色色,北京。  延伸查詢new window
30.(1918)。鄂蘇選舉消息,廣州。  延伸查詢new window
31.(1918)。市民對非法選舉之冷淡,廣州。  延伸查詢new window
32.(1918)。杭州,上海。  延伸查詢new window
33.(1918)。參議員複選祥記。  延伸查詢new window
34.(1918)。關於選舉之彙誌,北京。  延伸查詢new window
35.(1918)。非法參議員初選定祺,廣州。  延伸查詢new window
36.(1918)。湖北參議員產生之經過。  延伸查詢new window
37.(1918)。吉林。  延伸查詢new window
38.(1918)。時評,北京。  延伸查詢new window
39.(1918)。嘉興,上海。  延伸查詢new window
40.(1918)。選舉之悲觀,北京。  延伸查詢new window
41.(1918)。無錫,上海。  延伸查詢new window
42.(1918)。參議院議員複選峻事,上海。  延伸查詢new window
43.(1918)。非法選舉雜聞,廣州。  延伸查詢new window
44.(1918)。非法眾議員初選開票續紀,廣州。  延伸查詢new window
45.(1918)。在紀直隸參院之複選,上海。  延伸查詢new window
46.(1918)。選舉聞見錄。  延伸查詢new window
47.(1918)。吉林選舉片片錄。  延伸查詢new window
48.(1918)。續紀中央選舉會之狀況,上海。  延伸查詢new window
49.(1918)。中央選舉會投票情形三誌,北京。  延伸查詢new window
50.(1918)。雜評:和戰與選舉,上海。  延伸查詢new window
51.(1918)。合肥藥籠中的人物,北京。  延伸查詢new window
52.(1918)。議員大貼報單之佳話,北京。  延伸查詢new window
53.(1918)。蕪湖快信,上海。  延伸查詢new window
54.(1918)。密電指定當選人。  延伸查詢new window
55.(1918)。議員尚待審查。  延伸查詢new window
56.(1918)。江蘇選舉之競爭(二),上海。  延伸查詢new window
57.(1918)。湖北參議員產生之經過。  延伸查詢new window
58.(1918)。最近之中央選舉界,上海。  延伸查詢new window
59.(1918)。魯省選舉買賣場之怪象。  延伸查詢new window
60.(1918)。揚州,上海。  延伸查詢new window
61.(1918)。杭州快信,上海。  延伸查詢new window
62.(1918)。皖省近事,上海。  延伸查詢new window
63.(1918)。社會之聲,北京。  延伸查詢new window
64.(1918)。江西選舉參議員之內幕,上海。  延伸查詢new window
65.(1918)。贛省之選舉觀,上海。  延伸查詢new window
66.(1918)。九江近事,上海。  延伸查詢new window
67.(1918)。贛省複選舉之展期,上海。  延伸查詢new window
68.(1918)。阜寧,上海。  延伸查詢new window
69.(1918)。淮陰,上海。  延伸查詢new window
70.(1918)。多倫選舉之怪狀,上海。  延伸查詢new window
71.(1918)。蘇州:運動非法當選,廣州。  延伸查詢new window
72.(1918)。蘇州:眾議員初選舉之怪狀,上海。  延伸查詢new window
73.(1918)。無錫:眾院初選之經過,上海。  延伸查詢new window
74.(1918)。安慶:眾院初選投票無效,上海。  延伸查詢new window
75.(1918)。杭州選舉竹枝詞,廣州。  延伸查詢new window
76.楊家略(1937)。民國名人圖鑑,南京。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.(1960)。飲冰室文集。飲冰室文集。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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