本論文以「反革命罪」的司法起源、以及北伐時期武漢國民政府之政治結構為研究對象，兼論政治犯在南京國民政府以前的懲治概況。主要呈現三個面向：一、「反革命」入罪化之歷史背景，二、1920年代中國「反革命罪」的司法判決概況，三、〈反革命罪條例〉的時代精神。武漢國民政府對「反革命罪」之認定與判決，反映出了清黨、寧漢分裂乃至汪蔣合作中武漢方面的政治動態。本文運用黨史館庋藏之漢口、五部檔與會議紀錄，配合《漢口民國日報》、上海《醒獅週報》、天津《大公報》等報刊資料，分析武漢當局對反革命罪犯的處置與判例；旨在釐清北伐行進間武漢當局政治對法律與判決的影響，並對1927年武漢政治動態與整體環境作一初步釐清。

This article aims to research the criminal charge and the punishment of ＂Counter-revolution＂ (反革命) under the Wuhan National Government(武漢國民政府). The concept of ＂Counterrevolution＂ appeared in 1920s and quickly became an accusation to anyone who intent ＂offenses against public safety＂. This paper offers a preliminary research on the concept of ＂Counterrevolution＂, try to figure out that why it could be applicable in 1927. And how this ideological concept changes into the judgement of law. To understand those below historical issue, this research reveal some judicial cases judged according to ＂Counterrevolution Crimes Regulation＂〈反革命罪條例〉 by using the KMT documents, the archives of Academia Historica, also with some newspapers and magazines. Try to figure out how the judicial power involved in and how the politic affect society under the Wuhan National Government period.