The purpose of this paper is to inquire into the problem of the influence of the kinship background and the education on the civil service examination in the Song dynasty. Although there were several lineages famously for success in the civil service examination all through the Song dynasty in Fu-chou, Fukien, family Pan was one of them, but these lineages were very special. Roughly two third of degree holders were the first one or the only one who passed the examination in their lineage during the song dynasty. The other one third of degree holders who did not the first one, belonged to numerous families and lineages, and the average of degree holders of these families and lineages all through the Song dynasty were only three to four. The competition in the examination pushed the expansion of the education. The expansion of the education produced more examiners. Under the situation of the intense competition, one who succeeded or filed in the examination was mainly according to his education, talent, efforts and the opportunity. The background of kinship was only a helping element. Literate families no matter what their background were, all tried to give their juniors a better education. Examiners no matter what their background were, all must underwent hardships of preparation for examinations, faced the success or the frustration in examinations. The different member of the same family or the same lineage would have different encounter in the progress of the struggle for passing examinations. Although family Pan was a very special case, experiences of their clansmen were not different from other literati in these aspects.