典範信念量表的發展與效度考驗：後皮亞傑學派取向__臺灣人文及社會科學引文索引資料庫

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題名：	典範信念量表的發展與效度考驗：後皮亞傑學派取向
書刊名：	教育學刊
作者：	邱文彬
作者(外文)：	Chiou, Wen-bin
出版日期：	2007
卷期：	29
頁次：	頁73-101
主題關鍵詞：	形式性思考；典範信念量表；相對性思考；效度考驗；辯證性思考；Dialectical thinking；Formalistic thinking；Paradigm beliefs scale；Relativistic thinking；Scale validation
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:0 共同引用:5 點閱:46

本研究根據後皮亞傑學派的全人生認知發展觀點，發展測量後形式思考的自陳式量表，提供本土研究社群探討後形式思考的發展、後形式思考與其他發展範疇的關係，以及其對成人生活影響等研究領域一個能夠大規模取樣與方便施測的工具。所編製的典範信念量表，採取強迫選擇方式，每個題目包括反映形式性思考、相對性思考、辯證性思考特徵的敘述句，經由專家評鑑建立預試量表的內容效度，再透過內部一致性、社會期望性等效標進行項目分析後形成正式量表。正式量表的再測信度與內部一致性信度適當，效度考驗指出本量表與教育程度、職業等級、社會期望性無關，測量結果能夠反映三種認知思考的發展趨勢，並且符合整體發展觀所預測之三種認知思考者在同理心發展、創造力表現的差異。本文最後討論未來的效度考驗與研究方向。

以文找文

This research, based on the life-span cognitive development perspective in post-Piagetian, aimed to develop a self-reported instrument for measuring postformal thinking, which would be appropriate for wildly sampling and convenient usage when domestic research community wants to investigate on the development of postformal thinking, the developmental relationships among postformal thinking and relevant domains, and the impact of postformal thinking on adult everyday lives. The Paradigm Beliefs Scale consists of forced-choice items. Each item includes three belief descriptions that reflect formalistic thinking, relativistic thinking, and dialectical thinking. Content validity was established by the agreement from independent and blinding experts. The initial items were screened by internal consistency and social desirability irrelevancy. The internal consistency and test-retest reliability of the formal scale were satisfactory. Scale validation indicated that the measure of postformal thinking was not associated with education, occupation, and social desirability. More important, the developmental trajectories of three kinds of cognitive thinking were consistent with previous findings and adult development theories. Further, the correspondently parallel development among postformal thinking, empathy, and creativity were also observed based upon the holistic approach in developmental psychology. Finally, further scale validation and future directions were discussed.

以文找文

期刊論文
1.	Robinson, L. C.、Henry, C. S.、Garthoeffner, J. L.(1993)。The Modified Interpersonal Relationship Scale: Reliability and Validity。Psychological Reports，73，995-1004。
2.	邱文彬、林美珍(19990600)。大學生邁向成熟的同儕人際關係：容忍性、同理心發展之性別與年級差異的探討。教育與心理研究，22(上)，161-193。延伸查詢
3.	Cavanaugh, J. C.、Kramer, D. A.、Sinnott, J. D.、Camp, C. J.、Markley, R. P.(1985)。On missing links and such: Interfaces between cognitive research and everyday problem-solving。Human Development，28，146-148。
4.	Kramer, D. A.、Melchior, J.(1990)。Gender, role, conflict, and the development of relativistic and dialectical thinking。Sex Roles，23，553-575。
5.	Kramer, D. A.、Kahlbaugh, P. E.、Goldston, R. B.(1992)。A measure of paradigm beliefs about the social world。Journal of Gerontology: Psychological science，47，180-189。
6.	Kuder, G. F.、Richardson, M. W.(1937)。The theory of the estimation of test reliability。Psychometrika，2，151-160。
7.	Labouvie-Vief, G.(1982)。Dynamic development and mature autonomy: A theoretical prologue。Human Development，25，161-196。
8.	Schaie, K. W.(1977)。Toward a stage theory of adult development。International Journal of Aging and Human Development，8，129-138。
9.	Kramer, D. A.(1983)。Post-formal operations? A need for further conceptualization。Human Development，26，91-105。
10.	Labouvie-Vief, G.(1980)。Beyond formal operations: Uses and limits of pure logic in life-span development。Human Development，23，141-161。
11.	Kramer, D. A.、Woodruff, D. S.(1986)。Relativistic and dialectical thought in three adult age-groups。Human Development，29(5)，280-290。
12.	Sternberg, R. J.(2001)。What is the Common Thread of Creativity? Its Dialectical Relation to Intelligence and Wisdom。American Psychologist，56(4)，360-362。
13.	Basseches, M.(1980)。Dialectical Schemata: A Framework for the Empirical Study of the Development of Dialectical Thinking。Human Development，23，400-421。
14.	Harris, M.、Fontana, A. F.、Dowds, B. N.(1977)。The World Hypothesis Scale: Rationale, Reliability, and Validity。Journal of Personality Assessment，41，537-547。
15.	Papini, D. R.、Sebby, R. A.(1994)。Postformal Reasoning during Adolescence and Young Adulthood: The Influence of Problem Relevancy。Adolescence，29，389-400。
16.	Blanchard-Fields, F.(1986)。Reasoning on Social Dilemmas Varying in Emotional Saliency: An Adult Developmental Pperspective。Psychology and Aging，1，325-333。

會議論文
1.	Germer, C. K.、Efran, J. S.、Overton, W. F.(1982)。The Organicism-mechanism Paradigm Inventory: Toward the Measurement of Metaphysical Assumptions。Baltimore, MD。
2.	Manzo, A. V.(1992)。Dialectical Thinking: A Generative Approach to Critical/Creative Thinking。0。

圖書
1.	Koestler, Arthur(1964)。The Act of Creation。New York, NY：London：The Macmillian Company：Hutchinson。
2.	Rothenberg, A.、Hausman, C. R.(1976)。The creativity question。Durham, NC：Duke University Press。
3.	Schuster, C. S.、Ashbum, S. S.(1988)。The process of human development。New York, NY：Ann West of Little, Brown & Company。
4.	Piaget, Jean、Piercy, M.、Berlyne, D. E.(1950)。The Psychology of Intelligence。Routledge and Kegan Paul。
5.	Torrance, E. P.(1962)。Guiding Creative Ttalent。Guiding Creative Ttalent。Englewood Cliffs, NJ：Prentice Hall。
6.	Perry, W. G. Jr.(1970)。Forms of intellectual and ethical development in the college years。New York：Holt, Rinehart and Winston。
7.	Basseches, M.(1984)。Dialectical Thinking and Adult Development。Norwood, NJ：Ablex Publishing。
8.	Guilford, J. P.(1967)。The nature of human intelligence。McGraw-Hill。
9.	Williams, F. E.、林幸台、王木榮(1994)。威廉斯創造力測驗：指導手冊。臺北：心理。延伸查詢
10.	Sebby, R. A.、Papini, D. R.(1991)。Perceived Problem Relevancy and Its Relationship to Reasoning on Everyday Problems。Bridging Paradigms: Positive Development in Adulthood and Cognitive Aging。NY。
11.	賴保禎(1980)。基氏人格測驗。臺北：中國行為科學社。延伸查詢
12.	Powell, P. M.(1984)。Stage 4a: Category Operations and Interactive Empathy。Beyond Formal Operations: Late Adolescent and Adult Cognitive Development。NY。
13.	Kirk, R. E.(1982)。Experimental Design: Procedures for the Behavior Sciences。Experimental Design: Procedures for the Behavior Sciences。Belmont, CA。
14.	Cavanaugh, J. C.、Stafford, H.(1990)。Being Aware of Issues and Biases: Directions for Research on Postformal Thought。Adult Development: Comparisons and Applications of Developmental Models。New York, NY。
15.	Benack, S.、Basseches, M.(1990)。Dialectical Thinking and Relativistic Epistemology: Their Relation in Adult Development。Adult Development: Comparisons and Applications of Developmental Models, Vol. 1。New York, NY。
16.	Rybash, J. M.、Roodin, P. A.(1990)。Making Decisions about Health-care Problems: A Comparison of Formal and Postformal Modes of Competence。Adult Development: Comparisons and Applications of Developmental Models。New York, NY。
17.	Blanchard-Fields, F.(1990)。Postformal Reasoning in a Socioemotional Context。Adult Development: Comparisons and Applications of Developmental Models, Vol. 1。New York, NY。

圖書論文
1.	Kramer, D. A.(1989)。A developmental framework for understanding conflict resolution process。Everyday problem solving in adulthood。New York：Praeger。
2.	Basseches, M.(1990)。Dialectical thinking as an organized whole: Comments on Irwin and Kramer。Adult development, Vol. 1, Comparisons and applications of developmental models。New York, NY：Praeger。
3.	Benack, S.(1984)。Postformal epistemologies and the growth of empathy。Beyond formal operations: Late adolescent and adult cognitive development。NY：Praeger。
4.	Commons, M.、Richards, F. A.(1984)。A general model of stage theory。Beyond formal operations, Vol. 1, Late adolescent and adult cognitive development。NY：Praeger。
5.	Pascual-Leone, J.(1983)。Growing into human maturity: Toward a meta-subjective theory of adult stages。Life-span development and behavior。NY：Academic Press。
6.	Sinnott, J. D.(1984)。Postformal reasoning: The relativistic stage。Beyond formal operations: Late adolescent and adult cognitive development。Praeger。
7.	Arlin, P. K.(1984)。Adolescent and adult thought。Beyond formal operations: Late adolescent and adult cognitive development。Praeger。

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