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題名:達魯瑪克部落狩獵文化與重建之調查研究
書刊名:臺東大學綠色科學學刊
作者:劉烱錫
作者(外文):Liu, Chiung-hsi
出版日期:2011
卷期:1:2
頁次:頁59-80
主題關鍵詞:中度收穫文化重建狩獵禁忌狩獵動物獸靈崇拜Intermediate harvestCultural recoveryBest soul worshippingHunting animalHunting taboo
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(2) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
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  • 共同引用共同引用:205
  • 點閱點閱:2
達魯瑪克(taromak)部落位於臺東縣卑南鄉中央山脈山區,在十七世紀即有文獻紀錄,是傳統領域超過2 萬公頃、海拔從100~2400 公尺的山地型社區。本研究訪談3 位耆老有關傳統狩獵文化,結果顯示,狩獵對象包括有神聖動物雲豹、黑熊及熊鷹,而主要狩獵動物有水鹿、山豬、山羊和山羌;以及非主要狩獵動物如獼猴、野兔、穿山甲、果子狸、雉雞、松鼠、飛鼠、鬼鼠等中小型動物。狩獵過程包括決定出發、祭祀祖靈與獸靈、前往獵區、鳥占、獵地祭祀、擺設陷阱、夢占與蠅占、獵殺致死、牽獸魂回家、路上分享獸肉、呼喚青年幫忙揹獵物、屋內祭祀安靈、捕獸肉品處理與分享獸肉等。山腹是狩獵空間,但仍有些地方是禁忌區;高海拔的山頭是神聖區不得狩獵。狩獵時機受農閒與否、家庭需要、夢占、鳥占、蠅占及有無觸犯禁忌等影響。一次狩獵通常僅放三門捕獸夾,全獵獲與無獲均不吉利,偏愛中度收穫原則。 本研究認為,文化重建是植基於在地文化,但並非復古或靜止於現在,而是邁向和平、人權、永續發展等普世價值的過程和手段。達魯瑪克部落的狩獵文化具有保育效果與環境倫理教育價值。部落社會是狩獵文化的生育地,但在二十世紀已遭受嚴重破壞,於是研究者提出應長期培力部落社會的緊急訴求。
Taromak is an ancient mountainous tribal village with territory about 20 thousand hectares located in the Central Mountain Range with elevation from 100 to 2400 meters high near Taitung city, Taiwan. This study interviewed three elders about hunting culture. I classify the hunting animal into three categories. The leopard, bear and hawk eagle are belonging to sacred category. The sambar, boar, serow and muntjac are belonging to main category. Whereas, following animals do not hunt intentionally, including monkey, hare, pangolin, many species of fox, squirrel, flying squirrel, pheasant, etc. The hunting process includes making decision, worshipping the ancestor and beast soul, journey to the hunting field, bird divination, pray at the hunting site, placing the traps, dream or fly divination, killing the animal, inviting the animal soul home, sharing the meat on road, calling the young man for help carrying, settling down the animal soul inside house, sharing the meat to relatives and friends. The midhill of the mountain except some taboo places is their hunting area, whereas the high elevation of mountain top are belong to non-hunting god's place. Whether hunting or not depend on the agriculture activities, living necessaries, divination of dream, birds or flies, taboo violation, etc. The hunters often carry three traps at one time. They prefer intermediate harvest, and believe both total and non harvest is inauspicious. I suggest that cultural recovery bases on local culture, and is the processes and means with objectives to the universal value of peace, human rights, and sustainable development. The hunting culture of taromak tribal village possesses conservative effect and environmental ethic education. The society of tribal village is the cultural habitat of indigenous people. I propose that long term community empowerment is urgent, because the society of tribal village had been disintegrated seriously and quickly in the 20th century.
期刊論文
1.裴家騏(20040200)。再造森林守護神--雙鬼湖野生動物管理芻議。臺灣林業,30(1),26-33。  延伸查詢new window
2.裴家騏、羅方明(19961000)。魯凱族的永續狩獵制度。Notes and Newsletter of Wildlifers,4(4),5-10。  延伸查詢new window
3.Berkes, Fikret(2004)。Rethinking Community, Based Conservation。Conservation Biology,18(3),621-630。  new window
4.紀駿傑(19980900)。我們沒有共同的未來:西方主流「環保」關懷的政治經濟學。臺灣社會研究,31,141-168。new window  延伸查詢new window
5.中村孝志、許賢瑤(19930300)。1655年的臺灣東部地方集會。臺灣風物,43(1),155-168。new window  延伸查詢new window
6.謝繼昌(19680900)。大南魯凱族家系之持續。中央研究院民族學研究所集刊,26,67-82。  延伸查詢new window
7.Watson, A.、Matt, R.、Knotek, K.、Williams, D. R.、Yung, L.(2011)。Traditional wisdom: Protecting relationships with wilderness as a cultural landscape。Ecology and society,16(1),36。  new window
會議論文
1.陳美惠、王穎、黃世輝、廖春芬(2007)。丹大布農族狩獵管理之部落共識研究。中華林學會96年度學術論文發表會,中國文化大學森林暨自然保育學系舉辦 。臺北市。84-96。  延伸查詢new window
研究報告
1.陳澤裕(1988)。臺灣狩獵文化與技術之調查研究。  延伸查詢new window
2.劉炯錫(2004)。原住民族植物資源永續利用研究--魯凱族達魯瑪克部落為例。臺東市:國立臺東大學生命科學研究所。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.Slaughter, R.(1982)。Critical Futures Studies and Curriculum Renewal(博士論文)。University of Lancaster。  new window
圖書
1.Slaughter, Richard A.(1999)。Futures for the third millennium: Enabling the forward view。Prospect Media。  new window
2.Ramos, J. M.(2003)。From Critique To Cultural Recovery: Critical futures studies and Causal Layered Analysis。Swinburne University of Technology, Australian Foresight Institute。  new window
3.劉炯錫、謝秀連、林得次、古明德、趙川明(1997)。山林的子民:達魯瑪克文化手冊。國立台東師範學院。  延伸查詢new window
4.台邦.撒沙勒(20040000)。尋找失落的箭矢 : 部落主義的視野和行動。臺北:國家展望文教基金會。new window  延伸查詢new window
5.吳燕和(1993)。台東太麻里溪流域的東排灣人。臺北市:中央研究院民族學研究所。  延伸查詢new window
6.胡傳(1960)。臺東州采訪冊。臺灣銀行經濟研究室。  延伸查詢new window
7.李壬癸(1997)。臺灣南島民族的族群與遷徙。台北市:常民文化。new window  延伸查詢new window
其他
1.劉炯錫(19881128)。山林、狩獵、原住民。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.潘志華、劉炯錫(2000)。臺東縣達仁鄉安朔村野生動物文化與狩獵狀況之調查研究。東臺灣原住民民族生態學論文集。臺北市。  延伸查詢new window
2.裴家騏(2001)。善用傳統知識共管資源。把人找回來:在地參與自然資源管理。花蓮:內政部營建署太魯閣國家公園管理處。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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