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題名:國民小學教師教學反省之研究
作者:陳聖謨 引用關係
校院名稱:國立高雄師範大學
系所名稱:教育學系
指導教授:蔡培村
學位類別:博士
出版日期:1999
主題關鍵詞:反省教學反省
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(21) 博士論文(13) 專書(2) 專書論文(1)
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  • 共同引用共同引用:0
  • 點閱點閱:94
教學反省是指教師對教學行為的內隱性檢思歷程,以修正、充實或維持教師的知識與信念,並具體轉化為行動,達成更好的教學結果,並能建構教師個人的意義與理論架構。本研究的研究目的如下:
一、探討教學反省的涵義與理論基礎。
二、瞭解反省在教學上所扮演的角色,並探討教師對反省的評價與影響因素。
三、分析教學反省內容的性質、形式。
四、協助教師藉由反省,以建構教師實踐構念,成為反省性實踐的行動者。
五、根據研究結果,提出建議,以利教師藉由反省敏於覺知,揭露教師個人教學實踐構念,使教師能在教學實務中不斷充實、檢核、修正,成為自主而成熟的教育專業人員。
為達成上述目的,本研究採用文獻分析與質的研究法等方式進行之,並輔以問卷調查研究供研究發現的補充與對照。本研究先就教師教學反省的文獻與相關研究,加以分析探討,以釐清教學反省的概念及其理論基礎,並據以引導研究模式之建立。在質的研究方面係以民族(化名)國小四位教師為研究合作對象,資料蒐集係採生活史晤談、教學觀察及反省性教學晤談等三種,資料蒐集期間自八十七年八月至八十八年一月止。所得資料經分析後,除形成初步結論外,並據以編製教師教學反省問卷,於八十八年二月寒假期間,以台南市參與各項研習進修之國小教師為施測對象,所得有效樣本共計349位。問卷中數據部份,經編碼輸入電腦後,以SPSSPC+統計程式計算其次數、百分比、平均數與次序;問卷中文字部份,則以人工劃記整理之。
本研究所蒐集資料經歸納整理後,獲得以下結論:
一、 生活史與教學履歷是教師反省的有力觸媒。
二、 反省在教師教學上扮演多元且重要的角色。
1.資料、教具準備是教學前反省的主要角色。
2.調整策略是教學中反省的主要角色。
3.學生反應是教學後反省的主要重心。
三、教學反省的「質」與「量」呈現個別差異。
1.低年級教師反省取向偏重於教室常規的維持。
2.教學資源的觸角左右教師反省思考的能力。
3.資深教師的反省思考較為豐富、精緻。
4.敏捷、用心的教師其反省能力較佳。
5.主動精進的驅力是教學反省的關鍵。
四、教師的教學反省習慣有待覺察與培養。
五、教師對學科教材教法的探究風氣仍待提昇。
六、教師的反省內容取向,隨服務年資與生活背景而有所差異。
七、規約化的學校體制不利於教師反省。
八、教師在固定性的教學框架中進行反省。
九、教師分析批判力仍待提昇。
十、教師教學實踐理論豐富多樣且具個別差異性。
十一、時間是左右教師教學節奏與教學反省成分的重要因子。
十二、當前教育生態下,限制教師反省因素頗多。
十三、教科書與教學指引是教師教學反省的重要資源。
十四、教師反省有助提昇教師專業能力與教學滿足感。
根據研究結論,提出下列建議:
一、對教育行政機關的建議
1.規畫更彈性多元的進修方式,擴展教師自我反省的資源。
2.改變行政決策模式與縮減規範範圍,賦予學校教師更多自主空間。
3.檢討、排除非關教學事務的負擔,增進教師時間的從容感。
4.改進教師指引審定標準,引領教師自我發展教學設計。
二、對學校的建議
1.充實、檢討或調整教學資源設施,創發教師思考反省的條件。
2.編排教師團體經驗分享,增加同儕互動時間。
3.排除教學干擾因素,營造教師專業省思情境。
三、對教師個人的建議
1.檢視個人教學生涯成長歷程,促發自我成長。
2.推展同儕互助教學,共組專業成長團體。
3.加強探究學科教學方法,增進教學分析能力。
4.擴大生活領域,瞭解現世文化,蓄積反省素材。
5.檢析教室歷程中的權力結構與教材意識型態,提昇批判能力。
6.落實教材編選的教學自主權,提昇課程研發能力。
7.培養時間管理知能,創發反省有利空間。
8.不斷觀察、嘗試與思考,增進教學靈活度。
四、進一步研究的建議
在研究對象、變項、方法、方向與研究設計上提出未來研究之參考。
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