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題名:1960s以降的美國貧窮理論:回顧與整合
書刊名:人文及社會科學集刊
作者:呂朝賢王德睦
作者(外文):Lu, Chao-hsienWang, Te-mu
出版日期:2000
卷期:12:1
頁次:頁149-195
主題關鍵詞:貧窮文化人力資本地位取得雨露均霑論情境觀點Culture of povertyHuman capitalState attainmentTrickle down thesisSituational perspective
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
相關次數:
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(16) 博士論文(2) 專書(5) 專書論文(2)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:15
  • 共同引用共同引用:146
  • 點閱點閱:337
本文從60年代的貧窮文化論點為始,檢討60─90年代之間對於貧窮議題的解釋論點。我們藉由三個理論面向:缺乏取向、選擇取向與限制取向,去解析各個不同論點中的主要假定與論點之間的可能關係,並討論各個論點的限制與可能的政策意涵。檢視結果發現,各個論點中雖隱含著不同的假定,然而這些假定之間都有很密切的發展關係,在這之中貧窮文化的論點可視為60年代以降不同貧窮理論的主要源頭,各個理論莫不是對其的補充與批判建構而成。然而,在我們所論及的論點中,對於貧窮動態的解釋卻相當薄弱或根本忽略了。因此,本文的結論認為,我們應該重新將家庭帶回貧窮的解釋之中,透過對於家庭的研究,來補充以往理論的不足。
In this paper, we review theories of poverty over a 30-year period, namely, from the 1960s to 1990s. Theories of poverty can be grouped according to three general approaches and orientations: lack, choices, and constraint. From these there approaches we develop hypotheses specifying possible inter-relationships among poverty theories. Our analyses' findings indicate that "culture of poverty"remained the dominant theory during the 1960s to 1990s.
Other theories basically either critique the "culture of poverty" concept or attempt to amend it. While many different hypotheses concerning poverty exist among the three main theories, they are nonetheless interrelated. Moreover, all these theories share a common weakness, namely, they are inadequate in accounting for poverty dynamics. Our study indicates a strong need to bring the issue of family back into the discussion on and theorizing of poverty dynamics.
期刊論文
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2.王篤強(19980100)。美國八0年代「低賤階級(Underclass)」問題的再思考。經社法制論叢,21,445-469。  延伸查詢new window
3.Anderson, W. H. Locke(1964)。Trickling Down: The Relationship between Economic Growth and the Extent of Poverty among American Families。Quarterly Journal of Economics,78(4),511-524。  new window
4.Mead, L.(1989)。The Logic of Workfare: The Underclass and Work Policy。The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science,501,156-169。  new window
5.Sawhill, Isabel V.(1988)。Poverty in the U. S.: Why Is It So Persistent?。Journal of Economic Literature,26(9),1073-1119。  new window
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8.Rank, Mark R.(1985)。Exiting from Welfare: A Life-Table Analysis。Social Service Review,59(3),358-376。  new window
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10.O'Neill, June A.、Bassi, Laurie J.、Wolf, Douglas A.(1987)。The Duration of Welfare Spells。The Review of Economics and Statistics,69(2),241-249。  new window
11.Bane, Mary Jo、Ellwood, David T.(1986)。Slipping into and out of Poverty: The Dynamics of Spells。The Journal of Human Resources,21(1),1-23。  new window
12.薛承泰(19960400)。臺灣地區單親戶的數量、分佈與特性:以1990年普查為例。人口學刊,17,1-30。new window  延伸查詢new window
13.Harris, Kathleen Mullan(1993)。Work and Welfare among Single Mothers in Poverty。American Journal of Sociology,99(2),317-352。  new window
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17.Danziger, Sheldon、Gottschalk, Peter(1986)。Do Rising Tides Lift All Boats? The Impact of Secular and Cyclical Changes on Poverty。The American Economic Review,76(2),405-410。  new window
18.Davidson, Leonard、Krackhardt, David(1977)。Structural Change and the Disadvantaged: An Empirical Test of Culture of Poverty/ Situational Theories of Hard-Core Work Behavior。Human Organization,36(3),304-309。  new window
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21.Eggers, Mitchell L.、Massey, Douglas S.(1991)。The Structural Determinants of Urban Poverty: A Comparison of Whites, Blacks, and Hispanics。Social Science Research,20,217-255。  new window
22.Eggers, Mitchell L.、Massey, Douglas S.(1992)。A Longitudinal Analysis of Urban Poverty: Black in U. S. Metropolitan Areas between 1970 and 1980。Social Science Research,21,175-203。  new window
23.Gottschalk, Peter、Danziger, Sheldon(1985)。A Framework for Evaluating the Effects of Economic Growth and Transfers on Poverty。The American Economic Review,75(1),153-161。  new window
24.Kasarda, John D.(1983)。Caught in the Web of Change。Society,21,41-47。  new window
25.Katz, Michael B.(1992)。The New Politic of Poverty: The Non-Working Poor in American。Dissent,39(4),548-553。  new window
26.Mead, Lawrence M.(1982)。Social Programs and Social Obligations。The Public Interest,69,17-32。  new window
27.Mead, Lawrence M.(1987)。Author's Response to Reviewer。Social Service Review,61(2),373-377。  new window
28.Mead, Lawrence M.(1988)。The Hidden Jobs Debate。The Public Interest,91,40-58。  new window
29.Mead, Lawrence M.(1991)。The New Politics of New Poverty。The Public Interest,103,3-20。  new window
30.Mead, Lawrence M.(1994)。Poverty: How Little We Know。Social Service Review,68(3),322-350。  new window
31.Murray, Charles(1982)。The Two Wars Against Poverty: Economic Growth and the Great Society。The Public Interest,69(fall),3-16。  new window
32.Rainwater, L.(1970)。The Problem of Lower Class Culture。Journal of Social Issues,26(2),133-148。  new window
33.Rodman, H.(1963)。The Lower-Class Value Stretch。Social Forces,42,205-215。  new window
34.Smolensky, Eugene、Plotnick, Robert、Evenhouse, Eirik、Reilly, Siobhan(1994)。Growth, Inequality, and Poverty: A Cautionary Note。Review of Income and Wealth,40(2),217-222。  new window
35.Tickamyer, Ann R.、Duncan, Cynthia M.(1990)。Poverty and Opportunity: Structure in Rural America。Annual Review of Sociology,16,67-86。  new window
36.Treiman, Donald J.、Ross, Patricia A.(1983)。Sex and Earnings in Industrial Society: A Nine-Nation Comparison。American Journal of Sociology,89(3),612-650。  new window
37.Tolbert, Charles M. II(1989)。Labor Market Areas in Stratification Research: Concepts, Definitions, and Issues。Research in Rural Sociology and Development,4,81-97。  new window
38.Valentine, Charles A.(1969)。Culture and Poverty: Critique and Counter-Proposals。Current Anthropology,10(2/3),181-201。  new window
39.Wilson, William Julius、Mead, Lawrence M.(1987)。The Obligation to Work and the Availability of Jobs: A Dialogue between Lawrence M. Mead and William Julius Wilson。Focus,10(2),11-19。  new window
會議論文
1.辛炳隆(1996)。非農自營作業者就業行為之分析。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Duncan, Greg J.、Coe, Richard D.、Hill, Martha S.(1984)。Years of Poverty, Years of Plenty: The Changing Economic Fortunes of American Workers and Families。Years of Poverty, Years of Plenty: The Changing Economic Fortunes of American Workers and Families。Ann Arbor, MI:University of Michigan, Institute of Social Research。  new window
2.Mead, L. M.(1992)。The New Politics of Poverty: The Non-working Poor in America。New York:Basic Books。  new window
3.Averitt, Robert T.(1968)。The Dual Economy: The Dynamics of American Industry Structure。New York, NY:W. W. Norton & Co., Inc.。  new window
4.Hodson, Randy(1983)。Workers' Earnings and Corporate Economic Structure。Workers' Earnings and Corporate Economic Structure。New York, NY:Academic Press。  new window
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6.Walker, Robert、Ashworth, Karl(1994)。Poverty Dynamics: Issues and Examples。Poverty Dynamics: Issues and Examples。Aldershot, UK:Avebury。  new window
7.Mead, L.(1986)。Beyond Entitlement: The Social Obligations of Citizenship。New York:Free Press。  new window
8.Murray, C.(1984)。Losing ground: American social policy 1950-1980。New York:Basic Books。  new window
9.Kerbo, Harold R.(1991)。Social Stratification and Inequality, Class Conflict in Historical and Comparative Perspective。New York:McGraw-Hill。  new window
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11.許嘉猷(1992)。社會階層化與社會流動。台北:三民書局。new window  延伸查詢new window
12.Schiller, Bradley R.(1995)。The Economics of Poverty and Discrimination。Englewood Cliffs, N. J.:Prentice-Hall。  new window
13.Wilson, W. J.(1987)。The Truly Disadvantaged: The Inner City, the Underclass and Public Policy。Chicago:The University of Chicago Press。  new window
14.Kelso, William Alton(1994)。Poverty and the Underclass: Changing Perceptions of the Poor in America。New York:New York University Press。  new window
15.Katz, Michael B.(1989)。The Undeserving Poor: From the war on Poverty to the War on Welfare。New York, NY:Pantheon Books。  new window
16.Lewis, Oscar(1959)。Five Families: Mexican Case Studies in the Culture of Poverty。New York:Basic Book。  new window
17.Valentine, Charles A.(1968)。Culture and Poverty: Critique and Counter-Proposals。Chicago, IL:London:The University of Chicago Press。  new window
18.Becker, Gary S.(1991)。A Treatise on the Family。Harvard University Press。  new window
19.Becker, Gary Stanley(1993)。Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis, with Special Reference to Education。The University of Chicago Press。  new window
20.Tickamyer, Ann R.(1992)。The Working Poor in Rural Labor Markets: the Example of the Southeastern United States。Rural Poverty in America。New York, NY。  new window
21.Blank, Rebecca(1993)。Why were Poverty Rate so High in 1990s?。Poverty and Prosperity in the U. S. in the Late Twentieth Century。London, UK。  new window
22.Bloomquist, Leonard E.、Gringeri, Christina、Tomaskovic-Devey, Donald、Truelove, Cynthia(1993)。Work Structures and Rural Poverty。Persistent Poverty in Rural America。Boulder。  new window
23.Gans, Herbert J.(1968)。Culture and Class in the Study of Poverty: An Approach to Anti-Poverty Research。On Understanding Poverty。New York, NY。  new window
24.Hodge, Robert W.、Laslett, Barbara(1980)。Poverty and Status Attainment。Poverty and Public Policy: An Evaluation of Social Research。Cambridge, MA。  new window
25.Jencks, Christopher(1992)。Rethinking Social Policy: Race, Poverty, and the Underclass。Rethinking Social Policy: Race, Poverty, and the Underclass。沒有紀錄。  new window
26.Kasarda, John D.(1993)。Urban Industrial Transition and the Underclass。The Ghetto Underclass: Social Science Perspectives。Newbury Park。  new window
27.(1971)。The Culture of Poverty: A Critique。The Culture of Poverty: A Critique。New York, NY。  new window
28.Leeds, Anthony(1971)。The Concept of the 'Culture of Poverty': Conceptual, Logical, and Empirical Problems, With Perspective from Brazil and Peru。The Culture of Poverty: A Critique。New York, NY。  new window
29.Lewis, Oscar(1963)。The Children of Sanchez - Autobiography of Mexican Family。The Children of Sanchez - Autobiography of Mexican Family。New York, NY。  new window
30.Lewis, Oscar(1968)。The Culture of Poverty。On Understanding Poverty: Perspectives from the Social Sciences。London, UK/ New York, NY。  new window
31.Licter, Daniel T.、Beaulieu, Lionel J.、Findeis, Jill L.、Teixeira, Ruy A.(1993)。Human Capital, Labor Supply, and Poverty in Rural America。Persistent Poverty in Rural America。Boulder。  new window
32.Maume, David J., Jr.(1988)。Local Labor Market Structure and the Poverty Vulnerability of Black and White Women in Large Metropolitan Areas。Poverty and Social Welfare in the United States。Boulder, CO/ London, UK。  new window
33.Mead, Lawrence M.(1996)。Raising Work Levels Among the Poor。Reducing Poverty in America: Views and Approaches。London, UK。  new window
34.Mincy, Ronald B.(1994)。The Underclass: Concept, Controversy, and Evidence。Confronting Poverty: Prescriptions for Change。Cambridge, MA。  new window
35.Murray, Charles(1996)。Reducing Poverty and Reducing the Underclass: Different Problems, Different Solutions。Reducing Poverty in America: Views and Approaches。London, UK。  new window
36.Polachek, Solomon W.、Siebert, W. Stanley(1993)。The Economics of Earnings。Cambridge:Cambridge University Press。  new window
37.Rainwater, L.(1968)。The Problem of Lower-Class Culture and Poverty-War Strategy。On Understanding Poverty。New York, NY。  new window
38.Stern, Mark J.(1993)。Poverty and Family Composition since 1940。The Underclass Debate: Views From History。Princeton, NJ。  new window
39.Tickamyer, Ann R.、Bokemeier, Janet(1993)。Alternative Strategies for Labor Market Analyses: Multi-Level Models of Labor Market Inequality。Inequalities in Labor Market Areas。Boulder。  new window
40.Tickamyer, Ann R.、Latimer, Melissa(1993)。A Multi-Level Analysis of Income Sources of the Poor and Near Poor。Inequalities in Labor Market Areas。Boulder。  new window
41.Tomaskovic-Devey, Donald(1988)。Industrial Structure, Relative Labor Power, and Poverty Rates。Poverty and Social Welfare in the United States。Boulder, CO/ London, UK。  new window
42.Wacquant, Loic J. D.、Wilson, William Julius(1989)。Poverty, Joblessness, and the Social Transformation of the Inner City。Welfare Policy for the 1990s。Cambridge, MA。  new window
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圖書論文
1.章英華、蔡勇美(1997)。台灣的都市經驗。台灣的都市社會。台北:巨流。  延伸查詢new window
2.孫清山(1997)。戰後臺灣都市之成長與體系。臺灣的都市社會。臺北:巨流。  延伸查詢new window
3.Kasarda, John D.(1988)。Jobs, Migration, and Emerging Urban Mismatches。Urban Change and Poverty。Washington, DC:Nation Academy Press。  new window
4.Lyson, Thomas A.、Falk, William W.、Henry, Mark、Hickey, JoAnn、Warner, Mildred(1993)。Spatial Location of Economic Activities, Uneven Development, and Rural Poverty。Persistent Poverty in Rural America。Boulder:Westview Press。  new window
5.Wilson, William Julius、Neckerman, Kathryn(1987)。Poverty and Family Structure: The Widening Gap between Evidence and Public Policy Issues。The Truly Disadvantaged: The Inner City, the Underclass and Public Policy。The University of Chicago Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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