The governmental structure and regulation of Han Dynasty was established on the basis of Confucian scholarship and the study of Chinese Classics, which had developed a kind of rigorous exegesis at that time. Such kind of development, in which the political and the academic affected each other, is, of course, an important issue in the historical study of Chinese Classics as a discipline. In order to give a proper examination of this development, I analyze Erdaiji《二戴記》, the representative works of Li Xue禮學in Han Dynasty, from two different perspectives: Foacault’s historiography founded on his notion of “discourse”, and Said’s approach of Literary criticism, through the idea of “cultural form”. I hope to explore how the academic activities in Han Dynasty were represented by Erdaiji and how Erdaiji informed Chinese scholars’ promises about his country. Focusing on the linguistic aspect with emphasis on the historical development and influence of signs and symbols, I find that, in Han Dynasty, the detail as well as the general notion of a government established on the basis of etiquette is gradually formed and represented by the development of two modes of discourses in Erdaiji. Such discourses are thus important resources not only for the imaginary of Confucian scholars, but for that of the governmental bureaucrats in their5 construction of the state’s system. Through this analysis we may also have a better understanding of the important historical issue of how Han Dynasty became an empire based on etiquette.