Lao Sze-kwang(1927-) tried to observe all aspects of the renaissance of Sung Confucianism and he stated, “This movement possessed a fundamental aim, that was to return to the original direction of Pre-Qin Confucianism.” Benjamin Schwartz(1916-1999) also considered that the leaders of Neo-Confucianism beginning with the Tang and Sung dynasties all strove to restore the original vision and to implement it. The choice between the destruction of the glorious vision that once existed or the deviation from the ideal system of values is precisely why Sung Confucianists made the effort to ‘restore’ it or ‘return to’ it. This generated the renaissance of Sung Confucianism, which profoundly affected Chinese scholarship and culture. This paper uses the word, ‘fundamentalism’, to indicate various theoretical attempts and scholarly efforts to return to the original state of ideals or the system of values. During the renaissance of Sung Confucianism, as the one person who served as a link between Han Yu and new academic current of the Sung, Ou-yang Hsiu’s (1007-1072) deeds and contributions are highly significant. There is an intimate relation between his academic achievements and his Confucian fundamentalism. He was able not only to present the fundamentalist way of thinking consciously in his Confucian research, but to apply it specifically to the research activities of Confucianism as well. This included the textual research, interpretation of Classics, and deliberation on the substance and the socio-cultural significance of Confucian fundamentalism. This paper analyzes and explores in depth how Ou-yang Hsiu’s Confucian fundamentalism unfolded from these three aspects.