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題名：臺灣民眾的機構信任：以媒體信任為分析焦點
書刊名：東吳政治學報
作者：林聰吉 引用關係
作者(外文)：Lin, Tsong-jyi
出版日期：2012
卷期：30:1
頁次：頁43-79
主題關鍵詞：新聞媒體；政治信任；機構信任；媒體信任；終身學習模型；Mass media；Political trust；Institutional trust；Media trust；Lifetime learning model
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(6) 博士論文(1) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:6
  • 共同引用共同引用:185
  • 點閱點閱:181
本文承續政治學界有關政治信任的理論傳統，將新聞媒體視為政治機構的一種，探討民眾媒體信任的來源。研究中引用機構信任的相關文獻，假設民眾對民主的支持、新聞媒體的表現皆可能會左右民眾對媒體的信任。利用電話訪問法所得到的民意調查資料，研究首先檢視民主支持、媒體表現兩類變項的民意分布。結果顯示，台灣民眾對民主政治的支持程度頗高，不支持／支持的比例各約佔一成八、七成五；相對地，社會大眾對新聞媒體各方面的表現卻多不滿意。本文測量媒體表現共計使用六項指標：設定重要議題、可信度、多元性、第四權、自主性、政治興趣。針對這六項指標，多數民意在設定重要議題、可信度、自主性、政治興趣等，皆顯示負面的評價；僅在多元性、第四權是正面多於負面的看法。其次，若把民主支持與測量媒體表現的六項指標納入統計模型，結果發現只有第四權未對媒體信任具顯著影響力。此一研究結果大致證實本文假設，也印證了終身學習模型應是解釋台灣民眾媒體信任較為合適的理論。在控制變項方面，本文發現男性、年齡較大的世代皆傾向不信任媒體。另外，具泛藍認同、居住北部與東部的民眾，則傾向較信任媒體。
This study treats mass media as one of the political institutions in a democratic system and attempts to explore sources of people's trust in mass media. Based on the literature of political trust, this work proposes the hypothesis that both democratic support and media performances might benefit media trust.First, the study describes opinion distribution of democratic support and media performances. Mass support for democracy is pretty high. Nearly 75% of Taiwanese agree that democracy is the best political system. However, public evaluations toward media performances are much lower. Among six indicators concerning media performances, merely pluralism and the fourth power receive more than a 50% positive evaluation. In contrast, most people show negative attitudes toward four indicators, which include setting significant issues, media credibility, media autonomy, and political interests. Second, the study examines effects of democratic support and six indicators of media performances on media trust. Except for the fourth power, democratic support and five indicators of media performances reveal significant impact on media trust. The result proves the author's hypothesis. The lifetime learning model apparently could be applied to explain sources of media trust. In addition, males and elder generations are inclined to distrust the media. However, pan-blue identifiers and people in either northern or eastern areas tend to trust media.
期刊論文
1.Dalton, Russell J.、Weldon, Steven A.(2005)。Public Images of Political Parties: A Necessary Evil?。West European Politics，28(5)，931-951。  new window
2.王泰俐(20041000)。電視新聞節目「感官主義」之初探研究。新聞學研究，81，1-41。new window  延伸查詢new window
3.王中天(20101200)。當社會信任遇見政治信任--對政治文化觀點的整合與檢驗。臺灣民主季刊，7(4)，47-83。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.王靖興、孫天龍(20050900)。臺灣民眾民主政治評價影響因素之分析。臺灣民主季刊，2(3)，55-79。new window  延伸查詢new window
5.林聰吉(20070500)。解析臺灣的民主政治：以民主支持度與滿意度為觀察指標。選舉研究，14(1)，61-84。new window  延伸查詢new window
6.蔡佳泓(20090400)。臺灣民眾的民主評價：2004年為例的驗證性因素分析。社會科學論叢，3(1)，152-184。new window  延伸查詢new window
7.Miller, Arthur H.(1974)。Political Issues and Trust in Government: 1964-1970。American Political Science Review，68(3)，951-972。  new window
8.Williams, John T.(1985)。Systemic Influence on Political Trust: The Importance on Perceived Institutional Performance。Political Methodology，11(1/2)，125-142。  new window
9.Mishler, William、Rose, Richard(1997)。Trust, Distrust, and Skepticism: Popular Evaluations of Civil and Political Institutions in Post-Communist Societies。Journal of Politics，59(2)，418-451。  new window
10.彭芸(20021100)。2001年臺灣選民的媒介行為與政治信任。選舉研究，9(2)，1-36。new window  延伸查詢new window
11.吳親恩(20070600)。臺灣民眾的政治信任差異：政治人物、政府與民主體制三個面向的觀察。臺灣政治學刊，11(1)，147-200。new window  延伸查詢new window
12.Chang, Eric C. C.、Chu, Yun-Han(2006)。Corruption and Trust: Exceptionalism in Asian Democracies?。Journal of Politics，68(2)，259-271。  new window
13.張卿卿、羅文輝(20071000)。追求知識、認同或娛樂？政論性談話節目的內容與閱聽眾收視動機的探討。新聞學研究，93，83-139。new window  延伸查詢new window
14.林瓊珠、蔡佳泓(20101200)。政黨信任、機構信任與民主滿意度。政治與社會哲學評論，35，147-194。new window  延伸查詢new window
15.Hetherington, Marc J.(1998)。The Political Relevance of Political Trust。American Political Science Review，92(4)，791-808。  new window
16.Easton, David(1975)。A Re-Assessment of the Concept of Political Support。British Journal of Political Science，5(4)，435-457。  new window
17.Mishler, William、Rose, Richard(2001)。What Are the Origins of Political Trust? Testing Institutional and Cultural Theories in Post-Communist Societies。Comparative Political Studies，34(1)，30-62。  new window
18.楊意菁(20040400)。民意與公共性：批判解讀臺灣電視談話節目。新聞學研究，79，1-47。new window  延伸查詢new window
19.盛治仁(20030500)。臺灣民眾民主價值及政治信任感研究--政黨輪替前後的比較。選舉研究，10(1)，115-169。new window  延伸查詢new window
20.陳陸輝(20021100)。政治信任感與臺灣地區選民投票行為。選舉研究，9(2)，65-84。new window  延伸查詢new window
會議論文
1.Rose, Richard(2003)。Asian Values, Post-Communist Legacies and Generic Influences on Political Trust: A Substantive and Methodological Analysis。Taipei。  new window
研究報告
1.游清鑫(2008)。台灣公民意識的理論與實踐 : 政黨、公民與民主價值。臺北：國立政治大學選舉研究中心。  延伸查詢new window
2.朱雲漢(2003)。2003年「台灣選舉與民主化調查研究」。臺北：行政院國家科學委員會。  延伸查詢new window
3.Lin, Tsong-Jyi(2009)。台灣民眾的政治疏離感。台北。  延伸查詢new window
4.Chang, Yu-Tzung(2004)。How Citizens Evaluate Taiwan’s New Democracies。Taipei。  new window
圖書
1.Newton, Ken、Norris, Pippa(2000)。Confidence in public institutions。Disaffected democracies--What's troubling the trilateral countries。Princeton：Princeton University Press。  new window
2.Bratton, Michael、Chu, Yun-han、Lagos, Marta、Rose, Richard(2005)。The People’s Voice: Trust in Political Institutions。Ten Years of Supporting Democracy Worldwide。Sweden, Stockholm：International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance。  new window
3.Sabato, Larry J.(2000)。Feeding Frenzy: Attack Journalism and American Politics。Baltimore, MD：Lanahan Publishers。  new window
4.Jamieson, Kathleen Hall(1992)。Dirty Politics: Deception, Distraction, and Democracy。Oxford University Press。  new window
5.Patterson, Thomas E.(2000)。Doing Well and Doing Good: How Soft News and Critical Journalism Are Shrinking the News Audience and Weakening Democracy - And What News Outlets Can Do about It。Doing Well and Doing Good: How Soft News and Critical Journalism Are Shrinking the News Audience and Weakening Democracy - And What News Outlets Can Do about It。Cambridge, MA：The Joan Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics, and Policy/。  new window
6.Luhmann, N.(1979)。Trust and Power: Two Works。Chichester。  new window
7.Inglehart, Ronald(1997)。Modernization and Postmodernization: Culture, Economic, and Political Change in 43 Societies。Princeton, NJ：Princeton University Press。  new window
8.Easton, David、Hess, R.(1965)。A System Analysis of Political Life。New York, NY：John Wiley & Sons, Inc.。  new window
9.Cook, Timothy E.(1998)。Governing with the News: The News Media as a Political Institution。Chicago：University of Chicago Press。  new window
10.Almond, Gabriel A.、Verba, Sidney(1963)。The Civic Culture: Political Attitudes and Democracy in Five Nations。Princeton, New Jersey：Princeton University Press。  new window
11.Hetherington, Marc J.(2005)。Why Trust Matters: Declining Political Trust and the Demise of American Liberalism。Princeton University Press。  new window
12.Dalton, Russell J.(2004)。Democratic challenges, democratic choices: the erosion of political support in advanced industrial democracies。Oxford University Press。  new window
13.Putnam, Robert D.、Leonardi, Robert、Nanetti, Raffaella Y.(1993)。Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy。Princeton University Press。  new window
14.Bennett, Lance W.(2003)。News: The Politics of Illusion.。New York。  new window
15.Miller, Archur、Ola Lsithaug.(1999)。Political Performance and Institutional Trust。Critical Citizens: Global Support for Democratic Government。Oxford。  new window
16.Listhaug, Olg.(1995)。The Dynamics of Trust in Politician。Citizens and the State。Oxford。  new window
17.Ansolabehere, Stephen(1997)。Does Attack Advertising Demobilize the Electorate?。Do the Media Govern?: Politicians, Voters, and Reporters in America。Thousand Oaks, CA。  new window
圖書論文
1.Norris, Pippa(1999)。Institutional Explanations for Political Support。Critical Citizens: Global Support for Democratic Governance。Oxford University Press。  new window
2.Gurevitch, Michael、Blumler, Jay G.(1990)。Political Communication Systems and Democratic Values。Democracy and the Mass Media。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。  new window
3.Dasgupta, P.(1988)。Trust as a Commodity。Trust: Making and Breaking Cooperative Relations。Oxford：Basil Blackwell。  new window
4.Huntington, S. P.、Dominiquez, J. I.(1975)。Political development。Handbook of political science: Volume 3, Macropolitical theory。Reading, MA：Addison-Wesley。  new window
5.Norris, Pippa(1999)。Introduction: The Growth of Critical Citizens?。Critical Citizens: Global Support for Democratic Government。Oxford University Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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