This article is based on the cultural change of Liang Ch'i-ch'ao’s practice of saving the country with his “new citizen” theory as the main axis to transform the nation. Liang Ch'i-ch'ao, who used cultural change of thought as a weapon of practice to save the country, established internal relationships between cultural and moral thinking and the change of moral values in traditional society. My writing context begins with the ideological circle of Qing Dynasty from the Confucian school of the “opposition of justice and profit” concept based on philosophy of pursuing interests for the “unity of justice” self-interest concept. Furthermore, the paper will cover Liang Ch'i-ch'ao thought basis for new justice, which was affected by western liberalism and nationalism, and transferred to his moral idea that emphasized both liberalism and national interest. In the contemporary issue of saving one’s country so that it may survive during the Qin Dynasty, Liang Ch'i-ch'ao focused on the “new citizen” theory of moral revolution as his basis to encourage countrymen to reform their morals and anticipated countrymen having independent and free personalities and national thought, as well as community values, in order to create the “new citizen’s morals” of freedom and obedience, independence and affiliation, self-interest and national benefits, all to establish a national state that was suitable for the theory of evolution and foreign competition. The “New citizen” theory played an important role that supported cultural caring of Liang Ch'i-ch'ao’s practice of saving the country, and also reflected his thoughts about moral progress, that everything would follow a general truth of evolution to go forward.