This research discussed the current situation of demographic variables, participation motivation and learning effect of students from institutions of higher education participating in societies, and explored the degree of correlation between participation motivation and learning effect. During April 8, 2013 to April 19, 2013, the researchers have collected the research samples by purposive sampling in eight institutions of higher education in Pingtung region, taking the students participating in societies as research objects, and have conducted an investigation through "Research Questionnaire of Participation Motivation and Learning Effect of Societies in the Institutions of Higher Education in Pingtung Region". In this research, we got 385 valid samples out of 400 questionnaires in total, and the ratio of valid questionnaire was 96.2%. After taking the questionnaires back and making statistic analysis with SPSS and Amos, we obtained the research conclusions as follows: There is a positive correlation between the society participation motivation and the society learning effect. This research advised that students should learn the information through the one released by society expos, posters and extracurricular activity groups before they join the societies. And schools should give full support and attach importance to the students’ society activities, which should not only be independently operated by extracurricular activity groups, but also be promoted together by teachers from whole schools. In the meanwhile, schools should confirm the importance of societies in order to let students realize the development direction of societies and increase their attempt and confidence in pursuing individual objectives.