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題名：科技領域女大學生堅持科學課程的動機及其生涯價值觀之探究
書刊名：輔導與諮商學報
作者：謝淑敏 引用關係
作者(外文)：Hsieh, Shu-ming
出版日期：2016
卷期：38:1
頁次：頁1-27
主題關鍵詞：科技領域女大學生；學習動機；生涯價值觀；職業性別區隔；Female students in science and technology；Academic motivation；Career value；Gender disparities in career choices
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女性就業成為21世紀風潮，然而科技業男多女少，性別嚴重失衡。為瞭解如何提高科技領域女性少數團體在大學的保留率及在科技職涯的參與率，本研究以台灣兩所研究型國立綜合大學之科技領域女大學生為對象，採用質性研究半結構式訪談法，探究（1）科技領域女大學生堅持科學課程的動機及影響層面為何；（2）科技領域女大學生追求的生涯價值觀及對生涯期望與投入的看法為何。並招募來自電機、電子、資訊、土木、化學、物理及數學等科系之25位研究參與者參與訪談，訪談逐字稿採用紮根理論方式加以分析，經持續比較分析結果，找出有意義的概念形成分類及主題，邀請兩位諮商碩士級以上研究人員進行同儕檢核。研究結果發現堅持完成學位的動機，可區分為個人因素和脈絡因素兩大類。個人因素影響最大者為對課程感興趣居多，脈絡因素影響較大者為人際支持鼓勵。研究參與者追求的生涯價值觀多元，未來均規劃念研究所，研究所畢業後，多數人希望工作家庭兩者兼顧。認為欲追求科技生涯應具備興趣者居多數。本文最後並對學校教育工作者、諮商輔導工作者、政府機構及未來研究提出具體建議。
Female employmentisthe wave ofthe twenty-firstcentury. However,the IT industryemployedfewerfemale than male. In thetechnology industryhasa seriousproblem ofoccupationalsex segregation. In order to understandhow to improve retention of women minority groups in science and technologyat the University and women's participationinscience and technologycareer, the research looks at the related factors that influencing female students' persistence in S&T undergraduate program and the career value of the female students' in the future. A qualitative research method approach was adopted in this study. The participants of thisstudy were twenty- five female studentsenrolled inscience and technologydepartment from twonational comprehensiveresearchuniversities inTaiwan. The researchersconductedtwopilot studies to correctinterview guide. The researchersthenrecruited25studyparticipants fromelectrical engineering, electronics, information engineering, civil engineering, chemistry, physicsandmathematicsdepartmentstoconductinterviewsfor thestudy. The researchers used semi-structured interview method for data analysisto identifymeaningfulconcept andenhancedthe quality ofdata analysisthrough peerchecklist. The results were as follows: (1) They adhere to the science curriculum by personal factors and context factors, and most of them want to complete their degree because of they are interested in the course, (2) They pursue diverse career values, (3) After graduating from college, they want to attend S & T research institute, and (4) Most of them think that people who want to pursue a career in science and technology should have interest. Finally, related issues of school education, guidance and counseling practices, suggestions for relevant governmentagencies and future research are also discussed.
期刊論文
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4.Heckert, T. M.、Droste, H. E.、Adams, P. J.、Griffin, C. M.、Roberts, L. L.、Mueller, M. A.、Wallis, H. A.(2002)。Gender differences in anticipated salary: Role of salary estimates for others, job characteristics, career paths, and job inputs。Sex Roles，47(3)，139-152。  new window
5.Jackson, L. A.、Gardner, P. D.、Sullivan, L. A.(1992)。Explaining gender differences in self-pay expectations: Social comparison standards and perceptions of fair pay。Journal of Applied Psychology，77(5)，651-663。  new window
6.Lent, R. W.、Brown, S. D.、Sheu, H. B.、Schmidt, J.、Brenner, B. R.、Gloster, C. S.、Wilkins, G.、Schmidt, L. C.、Lyons, H.、Treistman, D.(2005)。Social cognitive predictors of academic interests and goals in engineering: utility for women and students at historically black universities。Journal of Counseling Psychology，52(1)，84-92。  new window
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9.Beoku-Betts, J.(2004)。African women pursing graduate studies in the sciences: Racism, gender bias, and third world marginality。NWSA Journal，16(1)，116-135。  new window
10.Buse, K.、Bilimoria, D.、Perelli, S.(2013)。Why they stay: Women persisting in US engineering careers。Career Development International，18(2)，139-154。  new window
11.Concannon, J. P.、Barrow, L. H.(2010)。Men's and women's intentions to persist in undergraduate engineering degree programs。Journal of Science Education and Technology，19(2)，133-145。  new window
12.Cooper, J.(2006)。The digital divide: The special case of gender。Journal of Computer Assisted Learning，22(5)，320-340。  new window
13.Cronin, C.、Roger, A.(1999)。Theorizing progress: women in science, engineering, and technology in higher education。Journal of Research in Science Teaching，36(6)，637-661。  new window
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15.Farmer, H. S.、Rotella, S.、Anderson, C. J.、Wardrop, J. L.(1998)。Gender differences in science careers。Journal of Vocational Behavior，53，73-96。  new window
16.Farmer, H. S.、Wardrop, J. L.、Risinger, R.(1995)。Women's career choices: Focus on science, math, and technology careers。Journal of Counseling Psychology，42，155-170。  new window
17.毛菁華、周富美、許鶯珠(20081200)。技職院校女大學生生涯發展歷程模式之研究。諮商輔導學報，19，105-139。new window  延伸查詢new window
18.Ahuja, M. K.(2002)。Women in the information technology profession: A literature review, synthesis and research agenda。European Journal of Information Systems，11(1)，20-34。  new window
19.Gadassi, R.、Gati, I.(2009)。The effects of gender stereotypes on explicit and implicit career preferences。The Counseling Psychologist，37，902-922。  new window
20.Jackson, D. L.、Starobin, S. S.、Laanan, F. S.(2013)。The shared experiences: Facilitating successful transfer of women and underrepresented minorities in STEM fields。New Directions for Higher Education，162，69-76。  new window
21.Kember, D.、Ho, A.、Hong, C.(2008)。The importance of establishing relevance in motivating student learning。Active Learning in Higher Education，9(3)，249-263。  new window
22.Kember, D.、Hong, C.、Ho, A.、Ho, A.(2011)。More can mean less motivation : Applying a motivational orientation framework to the expanded entry into higher education in Hong Kong。Studies in Higher Education，36(2)，209-255。  new window
23.Kost, L. E.、Pollock, S. J.、Finkelstein, N. D.(2009)。Characterizing the gender gaps in introductory physics。Physical Review Special Topics Education Research，5(010101)，1-13。  new window
24.Kost-Smith, L. E.、Pollock, S. J.、Finkelstein, N. D.(2010)。Gender disparities insecond- semester college physics: The incremental effects of a “Smog of Bias”。Physical Review Special Topics-Physics Education Research，6(2)，1-17。  new window
25.Lent, R.、Brown, S.、Hackett, G.(1994)。Towards a unifying social cognitive theory of career and academic interest, choice, and performance。Journal of Vocational Behavior，45，161-187。  new window
26.London, A. S.、Scott, E. K.、Edin, K.、Hunter, V.(2004)。Welfare reform,work family tradeoffs, andchild wellbeing。Family Relations，53(2)，148-158。  new window
27.Murphy, P.、Whitelegg, E.(2006)。Girls and physics: Continuing barriers to 'belonging'。The Curriculum Journal，17(3)，281-305。  new window
28.Pell, A. N.(1996)。Fixing the leaky pipeline: Women scientists in academia。Journal of Animal Science，74，2843-2848。  new window
29.Peterson, S. L.、Delmas, R. C.(2002)。Effects of career decision-making self-efficacy and degree utility on student persistence: A path analytic study。Journal of College Student Retention，3(3)，285-299。  new window
30.St. John, E. P.、Hu, S.、Simmons, A.、Carter, D. F.、Weber, J.(2004)。What difference dose a major make? The influence of college major field on persistence by African American and white students。Research in Higher Education，45(3)，209-232。  new window
31.Tinto, V.(1997)。Colleges as communities: Exploring the education character of student persistence。Journal of Higher Education，68(6)，599-623。  new window
32.Watts, R.(2007)。Whose Knowledge? Gender, Education, Science and History。History of Education，36(3)，283-302。  new window
33.Lent, R. W.、Brown, S. D.、Nota, L.、Soresi, S.(2003)。Testing social cognitive interest and choice hypotheses across Holland types in Italian high school students。Journal of Vocational Behavior，62(1)，101-118。  new window
34.Farmer, Helen S.(1985)。Model of career and achievement motivation for women and men。Journal of Counseling Psychology，32(3)，363-390。  new window
35.田秀蘭(19990700)。女性對生涯阻礙知覺之質的分析。教育心理學報，31(1)，89-107。new window  延伸查詢new window
36.田秀蘭(19980200)。男女大學生生涯阻礙因素之分析研究。教育心理學報，30(1)，133-148。new window  延伸查詢new window
37.McMahon, M.、Patton, W.(1997)。Gender differences in children and adolescents' perceptions of influences on their career development。School Counselor，44，368-376。  new window
38.Peterson, S. L.(1993)。Career decision-making self-efficacy and institutional integration of underprepared college students。Rescarch in Higher Education，34(6)，659-685。  new window
會議論文
1.Kondrick, L. C.(2003)。What dose the literature say about the persistence of women with career goals in physical science, technology, engineering and mathematics?。The Annual Meeting of the Mid-South Education Research Association。Biloxi, MS。  new window
2.Sax, L. J.(1992)。Predicting Persistence of Science Career Aspirations: A Comparative Study of Male and Female College Students。The American Educational Research Association Conference。San Francisco, CA。  new window
研究報告
1.蔡麗玲(2010)。理工能力優異女性學習適應與生涯挑戰--性別與認同研究取向（第2年） (計畫編號：NSC96-2628- S-017-001-MY2)。  延伸查詢new window
2.林旖旎(2011)。理工研究生於研究所生涯的成長發展經驗：心理社會觀點 (計畫編號：NSC98-2410-H-007-011)。  延伸查詢new window
3.胡悅倫(2010)。典型男性科系大學生之工作薪資預期研究 (計畫編號：NSC97-2511-S-004-004-MY2)。  延伸查詢new window
4.陳怡如(2009)。台灣地區大學科技領域女學生科系選讀影響因素暨學習滿意度與生涯規劃之研究 (計畫編號：NSC97-2511-S-260-003)。  延伸查詢new window
5.林幸台(1999)。傑出科學家創造力特性及開發之研究--歷史角度之探討 (計畫編號：NSC87-2511-S-003-063)。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.林奕帆(2010)。女性科技人才職涯發展及職涯供需調查(碩士論文)。東海大學。  延伸查詢new window
2.黃冠穎(2003)。生產者服務業之職業性別區隔研究(碩士論文)。元智大學。  延伸查詢new window
3.張筠臻(2011)。卓越舞台vs.吾愛吾家：女性資訊人員職業生涯敘說(碩士論文)。中國文化大學。  延伸查詢new window
4.温雅茹(2012)。女性資訊科技專業人員之工作環境對職家衝突與工作滿意之關聯(碩士論文)。國立中央大學，桃園市。  延伸查詢new window
5.Collins, N. C.(2010)。A conceptual model of career development to enhance academic motivation(博士論文)。Old Dominion University，Norfolk, VA。  new window
6.Crespin, C.(2006)。Contributors to college women's career decision-making self-effi-cacy: Support barriers, and coping(博士論文)。Fordham University，New York, NY.。  new window
7.楊淑芳(1999)。女性室內設計之專業工作與生活適應之研究(碩士論文)。中原大學。  延伸查詢new window
8.楊淑涵(2002)。選擇非傳統學習領域之四技女生生涯決定歷程之敘說研究(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學，臺北市。  延伸查詢new window
9.Haden, C.(2006)。Retention of underrepresented students in engineering degree programs: An evaluation study(博士論文)。Northern Arizona University。  new window
10.Nitopi, M.(2010)。Anexamination of the factors related to women's degree attainment and career goals in science, technology, and mathematics(博士論文)。St. John's University。  new window
11.Ro, H. K.(2011)。An Investigation of Engineering Students' Post-Graduation Plans inside or outside of Engineering(博士論文)。The Pennsylvania State University。  new window
12.吳淑敏(2004)。傑出女性科學家生涯發展歷程及其成功因素之探討(博士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學。new window  延伸查詢new window
13.Curry, K. S.(2010)。Undergraduate female science-related career choices: A phenomenological study(博士論文)。University of Phoenix。  new window
圖書
1.Sax, L. J.(2008)。The gender gap in college: maximizing the developmental potential of women and men。San Franciso, CA：Jossey-Bass。  new window
2.Creswell, J. W.(1994)。Research design: Quantitative and Qualitative approaches。Thousand Oaks, CA：Sage。  new window
3.Fox, M. F.、Johnson, D. G.、Rosser, S. V.(2006)。Women, gender, and technology: An interdisciplinary investigation of the co-creation of gender and technology。Champaign, IL：University of Illinois Press。  new window
4.Super, D. E.(1970)。Manual for the Work Value Inventory。Chicago, IL：Riverside Publishing Company。  new window
5.Nieva, Veronica F.、Gutek, Barbara A.(1981)。Women and work: A psychological perspective。New York：Praeger Publishers。  new window
6.Schein, E. H.(1978)。Career dynamics: Matching individual and organizational needs。Reading, MA：Addision-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc。  new window
7.Schein, E. H.(1990)。Career Anchors: Discovering Your Real Values。San Diego, CA：Pfeiffer & Company。  new window
8.Browne, K. R.(2002)。Biology at work: Rethinking sexual equality。New Brunswick, NJ：Rutger University Press。  new window
9.金樹人(19970000)。生涯諮商與輔導。臺北市：東華書局。new window  延伸查詢new window
10.Tinto, Vincent(1993)。Leaving college: Rethinking the causes and cures of student attrition。University of Chicago Press。  new window
11.Strauss, Anselm、Corbin, Juliet(1998)。Basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounder Theory。Sage。  new window
12.Schein, E. H.(1993)。Career survival: strategic job/role planning。San Diego, CA。  new window
單篇論文
1.Duncan, J. R.，Zeng, Y.(2005)。Women: Support factors and persistence in engineering. Research in Engineering and Technology Education(ED538909)。  new window
其他
1.科技部(2010)。研發人力人力別査詢與報表統計，台北：科技部。，http://gmist.chemist.ry.tku.edu.tw/database/admin/stat7.aspx， 2014/11/24。  延伸查詢new window
2.教育部(2013)。重要教育統計資訊，教育部統計處。，http ://www. edu. tw/pages/detail. aspx?Node=3973andPage=20272andWID=31d75a44-efff- 4c44-a075-15a9eb7aecdf#a， 2013/12/26。  new window
3.趙蔚蘭(2011)。科技粉領難出頭，扼殺美競爭力，http://news.msn.com.tw/news2336502.aspx， 2011/09/19。  延伸查詢new window
4.Super, D. E.(1990)。life span, life-space approach to career development，San Francisco, CA：Jossey-Bass。  new window
圖書論文
1.Pursell, C.(2001)。Feminism and rethinking of the history of technology。Feminism in Twentieth-Century Science, Technology and Medicine。Chicago, IL：The University of Chicago Press。  new window
2.Lent, R. W.、Brown, S. D.、Hackett, G.(2002)。Social cognitive career theory。Career choice and development。Jossey-Bass。  new window
3.Denmark, F.、Rabinowitz, V.、Sechzer, J.(2002)。The world of work。Engendering Psychology。Needham Heights, MA：Allyn and Bacon。  new window
4.Monks, F. J.、Van Boxtel, H. W.(1985)。Gifted adolescents: A developmental perspective。The psychology of gifted children。New York, NY：Wiley。  new window
 
 
 
 
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