Achievement in equality of educational opportunity has long been regarded as the foundation of education, and its goal has also been long targeted. Pursuit of excellence thus becomes one of the most popular tendencies of education reform, viewed as a useful tool to accelerate the ability of international competition. However, elements of manpower、 goods、finance、time and space can't coexisted contemporarily due to their restriction in educational contexts If ’equality is chosen to be an important target, ’excellence’ is often to be dismissed. If ’excellence’ plays the most significant role, ’equality’ may be ignored. In the process of allocating educational resources, on what standard should ’equality’and ’excellence’be based? Here the author attempts to use’ equality’and ’excellence’as the main core to help the readers to comprehend how to allocate educational resources properly through the verification of these two principles ’efficiency’and ’choice’.