The organization and the administrative operations of primary and secondary schools in Taiwan, R.O.C., have changed rapidly, due to democracy on school campuses. The Ministry of Education and the Bureau of Education of the cities and counties in Taiwan, have made education reform policies, including the improvement of primary and secondary school education. This article introduces the policies and trends of the improvements of primary and secondary school education in the United States of America the United Kingdom, Japan, Australia and New Zealand, and compare the policies of education improvement of these countries with those taken in Taiwan, R.O.C. The last part of this article analyzes the common characteristics of the school improvement and future trends.