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題名:以供應鏈觀點探討台灣企業整合疆界之取決
作者:黃庭鍾 引用關係
作者(外文):Tin-Chung Huang
校院名稱:國立東華大學
系所名稱:企業管理學系
指導教授:李少如
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2008
主題關鍵詞:整合疆界供應鏈管理交易成本價值鏈社會資本integration boundarysupply chain managementtransaction cost theoryvalue chainsocial capital
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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以往台灣製造業藉由規模經濟的力量與低價策略,以大企業為核心整合上下游供應鏈,擴展其企業營運領域,進而使得在多數的供應廠商層級上具有相當的完整體系,因而使得供應鏈管理相關議題油然而生。由於資訊科技的典範變革,導致市場交易成本結構產生變化,產業環境的資訊不對稱性大幅降低,使得產品標準化程度日益提昇重視多目標競爭因素,如生產成本、交貨速度、價格彈性及顧客服務的訴求,雖然因此而成功地打造出台灣製造業的實力,但由於近幾年全球化浪潮襲擊,這套企業單向垂直整合模式亦必須做調整,才能在全球供應鏈市場中繼續發揮力量。本文嘗試以文獻探討與實際產業資料觀察的彙整,建立一個探討供應鏈整合疆界的架構,再以問卷調查及深度訪談結果來驗證,以期提供相關可藉後續實證研究之發展基礎。
本研究緣因於觀察近年來台灣產業供應鏈有重新整合現象,經由廣泛文獻彙整顯示,決定產業整合疆界之理論基礎,其歸類大致可分為二:交易成本理論與價值鏈理論。此外,社會資本理論近年亦漸成一家之說;因此,基於前述背景之下,本研究將針對目前台灣企業整合策略,並結合交易成本理論、資源基礎觀點/動態能力理論,以及社會成本理論進行分析,以期提升產業整體競爭力,佐以觀察目前台灣八大類型產業,包括:電子零組件產業、光電產業、高科技產業、製藥產業、紡織產業、鋼鐵產業、石化產業與食品產業等相關整合現象,進行上述理論印證分析。本研究先以層級分析法發展相關量表,再以統計分析進行大量樣本調查,最後再以深度訪談方式與廠商實際討論統計結果的相符度。
實證結果發現依據產業類別差異,其供應鏈整合方向所重視策略亦有所不同;但無論在何種產業類別,除交易成本的降低與本身能力的建立考量外,夥伴關係均扮演相當重要且複雜的影響關係。另外本研究提出的不同整合型態分析架構思維,期能協助企業瞭解交易成本、本身能力與社會資本對於供應鏈成員間的考量比重,來解析企業及產業提昇競爭優勢的策略意涵,以支持本研究分析架構的應用性,並能對於產、官、學界提供較明確的分析架構及基礎的參考價值。
The manufacturing industry of Taiwan operating with the strength of economic scale and low price tactics in the past expanded from the main enterprise as the core and integrated partners of the whole supply chain. This leads to many supply chain issues. Due to the improved information and technology model, the structure of transac-tion cost is changing. The dramatically reduces information asymmetry also improved the degree of product standardization. Besides, the multi-goals of business competition, such as production cost, delivery speed, price flexibility and customer service abound in the literatures. Although this successfully builds up the strength of the manufacturing industry in Taiwan, the globalization wave has also shown great impact in recent years. The business model of vertical integration must be adjusted, so as to continue to develop the strength in the market of global supply chain. This research tries to combine synthesize the related literatures together with the actual industry survey to build up a framework of the integration boundary of supply chain, then survey and in-depth interviews and conducted to verify the framework to provide a basis for further studies.
This research attempts to combine literature reviews with industrial observations and in-depth interviews as a developmental basis of the posterior evidence research. This research finds that, in these years, there has been a re-integration phenomenon of industrial supply chains in Taiwan. The theoretical foundation of the industrial integration boundary could be divided into two categories: transaction cost theory and value chain theory. Besides, social capital and related theories also become main stream to explain it latter. Therefore, this research adopts transaction cost theory, value chain and social capital as the groundwork, and supports it with the analysis of eight major industries in Taiwan. These eight industries are: the electronics components industry, opto-electronics industry, hi-tech industry, pharmaceutical industry, textile industry, iron and steel industry, petrochemistrial industry and foodstuff industry. This research develops relevant questionnaires with the analytic hierarchy process at first, and then uses statis-tical analysis. Finally, the research verifies the result by in-depth interview process.
The result of this research shows that as the types of industry very, the key strategies of supply chain integration also changes. But no matter what types of industry, they all need to concern about partnership influences in supply chains. Besides, the research offers the difference thinking of distinct integration types will help firms to realize their weight of considering among the members of supply chain in the theories about transaction cost, firm’s ability and social capital, in further to analyze the strategies about improving competitive advantage. It will confirm the research methodolgy of this research, and provide a more structured framework of analysis and useful references for industry, government agencies and academia.
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