儘管目前對於知識經濟的定義版本殊多，但不容否認當前所處的時代環境與資訊科技影響，以及其創造出的價值，深深影響著全人類文明與價值系統。本文所要探討的是在這樣的環境趨勢下，管理學的趨勢似乎正朝向一個嶄新的轉變：大量地對知識管理進行探討，從管理哲學的知識類型轉化與創新優勢的探討，到知識型組織的實際運作；而知識工作者的崛起，配合新經濟型態的成型，人力資源管理的議題將更加著重於國際人力資源的管理與發展，以及多元化管理的核心價值確立等。 此外，就經濟發展史而言，任何一個階段的經濟型態將主導當代文化的核心價值觀，而目前的知識經濟時代卻未見真正的主流價值，取而代之的是經濟景氣循環的週期縮短、幅度加大所帶來的焦慮與不安。然而，從文化與價值信念的探討而言，如此的生活環境與人類文明，亟需重新透過辨證的思考以探尋新的方向與價值觀，故本文擬從中國文化對科技與倫理道德的省思，試圖反省並期望中國文化對人文精神的強調，能在知識經濟時代中提供另類的思維方向。 總之，知識經濟時代的管理趨勢在於：其一，重新定義創新為本的知識管理；其二，人力資源管理議題的國際化與多元化;以及最後的人文精神，其對於知識經濟時代的意義與價值，三者為本文探討之重點。

Accompanied with the knowledge economy era’s coming, the style of management is changing. The trend of management emphasis highly on knowledge management, and which is different far from information management or applying information techniques. It is because that knowledge management concerns more not on skills or techniques but on philosophy of knowledge creation, which making innovation within organization possible. Moreover, core competence for organization niche and the emerging of knowledge workers are discussed. Advanced discussion on the effect by knowledge economy is the transformation on human resource management: to rethink about the meaning of diversity management, to recognize the position of middle level managers in the organization, and to pay much more attention to the relative research about international HRM. Finally, humanism, which is mentioned of Confucianism rooted in Chinese culture, may he1p us to be reflective upon our living life in this knowledge economy era, and in which what destination we pursue.