Professor Ch'ien Mu (1895-1990), famous scholar in the field of classical Chinese Studies and especially in history, contributed a monumental article (as one of the chapters included in his famous work entitled "History on the scholarship of the Chinese authors of the last three hundred years") on the study of Zhang Xuecheng (1738-1801), philosopher and historian of the Qing Dynasty. The paper aims at to elaborate and discuss Chien's view points as well as his interpretations on the theories of Zhang Xuecheng regarding historiography, bibliography, litterature studies, etc. Professor Ch'ien actually discussed or mentioned Zhang Xuecheng many times in his different works. However, the article included in the above mentioned work, i.e. "History on the scholarship of the Chinese authors of the last three hundred years", is without any doubt the most solid and most documentated one. Therefore, I am going to deal with Ch'ien's study on Zhang, taking that article as the main reference. I have studied Zhang Xuecheng for more than twenty years. Thus the paper might perphaps serve the researchers who have interest on Zhang himself. Of course, the discussion on Ch'ien's view points and on his interpretations on Zhang Xuecheng is anyhow the very purpose of my paper.