This paper begins with analyzing the aspects of the metaphysical system of Zhongyoung (The Doctrine of the Mean), offering an approach that takes metaphysics as its philosophical background and foundation. The point of such an approach lies in its emphasis on the existential foundation and source behind the theory construction of the metaphysics and ontology contained within the system of writing. Second, through the ternary diagram of morality, “heaven-man-earth,” we explain the methodology of morality philosophy in Zhongyong. On the one hand, in the light of the structure of the universe, we analyze how “man” establishes civilization between the concepts of “heaven” and “earth.” On the other hand, in view of the structure of knowledge, we explain how “man” is the integrator of the “epistemological truth” and the “existential truth” and why it’s essential for the “tertiary party” to exist in the ternary structure. Finally, considering the laws of the development of things, we point out that the “middle way” is the principle to integrate the ideal and the reality, through the concepts of “strategic flexibility,” “maintaining the mean,” “abiding in the mean,” and “dynamics.” Through the statements on the four aspects mentioned above, we wish to present concretely that “ternary thinking” is indeed the methodological structure for us to grasp the moral philosophy in Zhongyoung.