發生於1915年的噍吧哖事件，是臺灣人最後一次以武力向殖民政府抗爭的革命事件。參與這一事件的人既多且廣，戰鬥的過程非常慘烈，死傷慘重，日方的報復也非常殘忍，這個事件對臺灣的影響非常深遠。到底哪些因素促成這樣大規模的事件呢？本文指出與當時在政治上，臺人累積仇日、抗日的力量有關；在社會上，齋教這種民間宗教信仰盛行，提供一個可供利用的條件；同時，在經濟上，殖民政府推動林野調查的結果帶給貧農的傷害，以上三個理由是事件發生的主要背景和原因。

The Chiao-Pa-Nien incident, which took place in the year 1915, is the last revolution that the Taiwanese put up against the Japanese colonial government with force. The amount of people that attended this incident was considerable, the battle was fierce, countless lives were taken away and the revenge of the Japanese colonial government was cruel. This incident had a profound influence on Taiwan. What are the factors that cause this large-scale incident? In this article, the author points out three main causes as following: First, in the aspect political status, the Taiwanese people had developed the power and emotion of resisting the Japanese colonial government. Second, a religion called Chai-Chiao which was very popular at that time provided a usable condition for this event. Third, in the aspect of economy, the field study lead by the colonial government brought harmful results to the poor peasant. The three factors stated above are believed to be the three main causes and background that lead to this event.