文學史是文學研究重要的一環，所探討的文學議題涵括：作者、作品、流派、文學運動、論爭等多元面向。本文以1975年由國民黨官方資助出版、由尹雪曼所編輯的《中華民國文藝史》作爲分析對象，以文學史方法學探究《中華民國文藝史》的象徵意義。論文擬分四個層面：一、歷史的必然或偶然？爲了解答此問題，故從中國於1970-1980年「重寫文學史」運動，對照台灣的「新文學史」書寫；二、討論《中華民國文藝史》成書與出版背景；三、文學史外緣的議題：文學如何作爲形塑共同體與主體性的工具；四、文學史內在的議題，如：何謂文藝？如何分期？共四方面進行深究與討論。

Literary history is an important aspect of literary studies. It explores the multiple dimensions of literature, including writers, works, schools, movements, debates. This paper uses History of Literature in the Republic of China as the object of analysis. This book was published in 1975, sponsored by KMT (the Nationalist Party) and edited by Yin, Xue-man. In terms of the methodology of literary history, I intend to explore the significance of this book. There are four issues examined in this paper. First, is history inevitable or coincidental? To answer this question, comparisons will be made between "rewriting the history of literature" in 1970s and 1980s in mainland China and "new history of literature" in Taiwan. Second, this paper will discuss the backgrounds of how this book was published. Third, I will discuss external issues such as how literature was used as an instrument to forge common identity and subjectivity. Fourth, I will analyze internal issues such as the definition of literature and periodization.