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題名:高齡者終生學習需求與校園閒置空間整合再利用
書刊名:健康與建築雜誌
作者:陳宗鵠何中華林士堅陳俊傑魏沛婕陳立洋
作者(外文):Chen, Brian. Tsong-hourHo, Zhong-huaLin, Shi-jianChen, Jun-jieWei, Pei-jieChen, Li-yang
出版日期:2013
卷期:1:1
頁次:頁1-11
主題關鍵詞:終生學習需求醫療保健生活技能藝術欣賞休閒活動心靈需求學習空間閒置空間空間模式Lifelong learning needsHealth care preventionArt appreciationLiving skillsRecreational activitySpiritual needsBehavior patternsUnused spaceSpace planning model
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背景:近年來台灣地區生育率快速下降,學生入學人數逐年減少,導致國小、國中教室閒置空間逐年增加,同時,由於都市建設及福利設施等較為完善,高齡老人平均壽命延長,人數快速增加且聚集於都市,其終生學習交流空間缺乏已成為現代都市空間規劃之新課題。目的:了解高齡者終生學習需求、興趣、各種學習場所缺乏之實際類別,依其類別之活動方式發展其空間模式,提供高齡者所需之學習空間,同時又兼顧國小減班所衍生出校園閒置空間問題,予以活化再利用,整合社區資源,乃是本研究探討之主要課題。方法:以65歲以上高齡者362人為調查對象,依學習需求、興趣、各種學習場所缺乏等擬訂問卷210題,內容分為醫療保健,藝術欣賞,生活技能,休閒活動以及心靈需求等五大類別,每項類別又依特性需求及活動不同,分為55小類,以Likert Scale四分法計分。整體問卷信度Cronbach為0.83,效度採專家效度。資料整理分析以相關、平均數、標準差及排行榜排列優先秩序。結果:高齡者終生學習在五大類別學習需求的優先秩序分別為醫療保健(3.40),藝術欣賞(2.93),生活技能(2.84),休閒活動(2.79)以及心靈需求(2.66)等。高齡者終生學習在五大類別學習需求及興趣的優先秩序分別為醫療保健(3.09),藝術欣賞(2.84),生活技能(2.75),休閒活動(2.69)以及心靈需求(2.58)等。高齡者終生學習在五大類別空間缺乏的優先秩序分為醫療保健(3.31),生活技能(3.21),藝術欣賞(3.10),休閒活動(3.07)以及心靈需求(3.05)等,空間缺乏以醫療保健中之健身運動、疾病介紹、醫療知識分數較高。研究者依上項五大類別之學習需求、興趣及學習場所缺乏調查結果,分析其學習之活動方式,提出其空間初步規劃模式。結論/實務應用:由高齡者終生學習需求、興趣及學習缺乏調查結果找出高齡者學習需求面,利用國校閒置空間作為高齡者學習空間為供應面,其預期效益除可解決國校閒置空間問題之外、還可提供高齡者終生學習所需空間,經歷學習而減少社福支出、保存當地傳統產業及文化特色而復甦當地經濟。本研究結論應可供國內都市地區整合高齡、少子化閒置空間再利用之參考。
Backgrounds: According to rapid decline in fertility of Taiwan, enrolling students are decreased obviously in recent years. The classroom in elementary, junior high school unused was increased. On the other hand, the lacking of space for elderly lifelong learning needs is getting severely. How to integrate of learning space and keep balance of social resources are the most important issues for the present.Purposes: The purposes of this study was to assess elderly lifelong learning needs, interests and lacking learning space, in order to develop behavior pattern and space planning model according to research needs.Methods: The research design of this study was a survey research. Purposive sampling and research objectives 362 over 65 year's elderly in northern Taiwan community were used. A structured questionnaire including learning needs (55), interest (55), and lack of learning place (55) were used. Five dimensions: health care prevention, art appreciation, living skills, recreational activity and spiritual needs were included. Total 210 questions are included in this study. Likert scale 4 point was used to collect data. The score over 2.5 indicated positive needs. The internal consistence for this questionnaire Cronbach's alpha was 0.83. The validity was based on 7 experts' opinion. Data was analyzed by correlation, mean, standard deviation and ranking.Resultss and application: The learning needs in five dimensions are: healthcare prevention (3.40), art appreciation (2.93), living skills (2.84), recreational activities (2.79) and spiritual needs (2.66). The interests are ranked as follow: healthcare prevention (3.09), art appreciation (2.84), living skills (2.75), recreational activities (2.69) and spiritual needs (2.58). The lack of space priority is: Health care prevention (3.31), art appreciation (3.21), living skills (3.10), recreational activity (3.07) and spiritual needs (3.05).The higher scores for lacking space in healthcare prevention are medical knowledge, exercise and introduction of disease place. The researcher developed behavior pattern and space planning model according to elderly research needs.Conclusions: This study found that the sequence of five learning needs of elderly are demand side. To use of unused space of elemental school for elderly learning space is the supply side. The expected benefits of the results of space integration would not only solve unused space of elemental schools, but also to reduce welfare spending by lifelong learning of the elderly, revive the local economy by preserving the local industry characteristics, preserving the local culture by the elderly experience pass and so on. From the balancing resource of land use point of view, the result of this Study can contribute to the integration space planning for elderly lifelong learning needs and unused school space.
期刊論文
1.Dryfoos, J. G.(1996)。Full-service schools。Educaitonal Leadership,53(7),18-23。  new window
2.葉俊郎(19940300)。老年人參與志願服務之探究。老人教育,5,26-35。  延伸查詢new window
3.林振春(19941200)。學校與社區結合以建立社區文化。社教雙月刊,64,20-24。  延伸查詢new window
4.Barnard, Y.(2013)。Learning to use new technologies by older adults: perceived difficulties experimentation behavior and usability。Computing in Human Behavior,29,1715-1724。  new window
5.Schaie, K. W.(1989)。The hazard of cognitive aging。Gerontologist,29,484-493。  new window
6.林麗惠(20061200)。臺灣高齡學習者成功老化之研究。人口學刊,33,133-170。new window  延伸查詢new window
7.張鐸嚴(20000500)。高齡化社會中高齡者的終身學習策略與規劃。國立空中大學社會科學學報,8,1-22。new window  延伸查詢new window
8.陳清美(20011100)。高齡者對學習環境的偏好。成人教育,64,43-51。  延伸查詢new window
9.陳宗鵠、徐南麗、林士堅、何中華、謝碧晴(2006)。臺北市高齡者學習需求特性之探討:以臺北市萬華區老松國小學區為例。中華技術學院學報,34,C1-C11。  延伸查詢new window
研究報告
1.黃世孟、李永展(1996)。國民學校與鄰近社區資源共享模式之研究。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
2.陳錦賜(2000)。高齡少子社會學校設施通盤檢討原則之研究。台北:內政部營建署市鄉規劃局。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.Mattingly, S. J.(1989)。A study of the characteristics of college students over age 65(博士論文)。The University of Texas at Austin。  new window
圖書
1.Bagin, D.、Gallagher, D. R.(2001)。The school and community relations。Boston, MA:Allyn and Bacon。  new window
2.蔡培村(1995)。從教育的觀點論高齡社群的教育發展取向--在成人教育與生涯發展。高雄市:麗文文化。  延伸查詢new window
3.Lamdin, L.、Fugate, M.(1997)。Elder learning: New frontier in an aging society。Oryx Press。  new window
4.黃富順(2002)。成人學習。五南。  延伸查詢new window
5.Maslow, Abraham H.(1954)。Motivation and Personality。Harper & Row。  new window
圖書論文
1.Hultsch, D. F.、Dixon, R. A.(1990)。Learning and Memory in Aging。Handbook of Psychology of Aging。New York:Academic Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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