Orthodoxy is a special historical view as a result of the development of Chinese history that shapes how the intellectuals interpret history but also affects the general public5 s attitudes toward politics. In other words, the orthodoxy is a discriminative attitude that emphasizes on the inheritance of “blood” and “culture.” In terms of the cross-strait relationship, the orthodoxy is expressed in Taiwan people’s identification with Chinese culture and people, which may be the key to more profound cross-strait interflow. Therefore, based on the “2014 Research on the Impressions of China” and the “ordered logit models,” we examine what determines Taiwan people’s impressions of China through the approach of orthodoxy. The positivist research results show that those who identify with Chinese culture and nation have better impressions of mainland China. Moreover, nation identification, the unification-independence position, party identification and age also affect significantly one’s impressions about mainland China, while gender difference is also a factor. By contrast, ethnic identification and education levels are only minor factors. In other words, orthodoxy does affect Taiwan people’s impressions of mainland China.