朱子《詩集傳》〈關睢〉詩注曰：「學者姑即其詞而玩其理以養心焉， 則亦可以得學詩之本矣。」朱子認為《詩經》原本是詩樂合一的形式，但是樂已散佚，因此姑且就詩經本文學習，仍然可以掌握得到學詩之根本。這個「根本」便是「養心」，涵養心性是理學工夫，因此朱子是否意謂讀詩的目的即在達成理學的目的？值得細加研究。 本文為文之動機，在於探索朱子教人讀詩之主旨與目的到底何在？它與理學之間的關聯性到底如何？論述方式則循朱子所言「即其辭」與「玩其理」二端，分別深入探討。採用的文獻主要是《朱子語類》與其《文集》，旁及《詩序辨說》、《四書集註》、《四書或問》等著作，從中尋繹朱子對學詩的主要觀點。再以此觀點檢驗其詩經學巨著《詩集傳》，觀察他在說解《詩經》本文時，是否將其學詩主張落實在教材之中？ 從文獻的考察分析看來，朱子的學詩理論有四個特點： （一）讀詩注重持敬專一 （二）解詩以道德性理為取向 （三）論詩以讀者為核心 （四）學詩以涵養心性為根本 這些特點顯示出朱子詩教的理學目的，無論是讀詩過程，抑或是讀詩的理解方向，以及讀詩最終的目的，都是要讀詩者主動自發從事解讀的工夫，也要讀詩者主動聯繫自身的言行，以行檢省的工夫。從解讀之中檢省，同時也從檢省之中解讀經文，讓讀詩與涵養工夫同時進行，以達成養心的目的。

　　　　　Zhu Xi said that one can grasp the "purpose" (根本genben) of t one's learning of the Book of Poetry, a Confucian Classic, by pondering upon it's messages and thus nourish one's own mind-heart and human nature. The "purpose" here refers to yangxin (to nourish one's mind-heart養心). This paper aims to investigate the purpose and core meaning of Zhu Xi's teaching in this regard. The author tries to carry our an in-depth investigation of the problems in the following two aspects: (1) methods of studying the Classic, and (2) reflection upon the hidden messages. Zhu's viewpoints over the problem of studying the classic will be investigated and this, in turn, will serve as the basis for examining Zhu Xi's Shijizhuan (Collected Commentaries on the Book of Poetry 詩集傳) so as to see if Zhu has put his theories into practice in his commentary to the Classic. The author has done textual analysis on aspects like the process, the angels of understanding, and the ultimate goal in one's studying of the Classic. According to Zhu, the activities of reading a poem and carrying out spiritual cultivation should be done simultaneously in order to attain the goal of nourishing one's mind-heart.