本研究之主要目的在瞭解國小高年級學童所覺知家庭心理環境、親子關係與其情緒經驗的關聯，並以Amos4.0結構模式做為兒童情緒經驗徑路模式的初探。研究對象以高雄市、高雄縣、屏東縣國小高年級學童為研究對象，樣本依來源採分層隨機抽樣，有效樣本為396 名。 本研究結果發現：(1)城鄉別、社經地位與其整體家庭心理環境有顯著差異存在。對於所覺知的親子關係研究發現忽略、敵意因性別不同而達到顯著差異。不同家庭社經地位之國小學童與其整體親子關係有顯著差異存在；不同家庭社經地位之國小學童與其整體情緒經驗有顯著差異存在。(2)家庭心理環境中關懷溝通、較少衝突、秩序、休閒活動與情緒經驗的積差相關皆達顯著水準。在親子關係方面關愛督導、權威限制、忽略、敵意與情緒經驗的積差相關皆達顯著水準。至於典型相關方面，兒童的家庭心理環境、親子關係與情緒經驗之間有顯著的典型相關存在。(3)本研究結果發現親子關係中的「敵意」最能有效預測兒童的情緒經驗，其他的影響因素依序還有「關愛督導」「權威限制」及「衝突」。(4)根據徑路模式之驗證，兒童情緒經驗的徑路模式大致符合基本模式適合標準、整體模式適合度，但不能完全符合內在品質適合度，因此不能完全解釋兒童的情緒經驗直接受到家庭心理環境及親子關係的影響。 本研究並根據結果及結論，對於家庭及學校兩方面提出建議，供作家長及學校輔導人員在處理學童情緒問題之參考。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors that was related to children’s emotion experience in the 5(superscript th) and 6(superscript th) grade elementary students. The subjects were 396 fifth and sixth-grade elementary students who were stratified random sampling from southern Taiwan. The main finding were summarized as follows：(a) Residence area , social-economic status were found to be related to children’s family mental environment, social-economic status were found to be related to parent-child relationship and emotion experience, (b) There is a significant pearson correlation and canonical correlation between family mental environment, parent-child relationship and emotion experience, (c) This study found that the hostile, love-supervision, authoritarian-control and conflict are the most efficient factors to prediction about children’s emotion experience, and (d) The path model of children’s emotion experience is consistent with basic-fit criteria, overall model fit, and part inner-quality fit . According to the results and discussion of this study, provided some suggestions for both parents and school counselors to deal with children emotional problems.