本文認為禪宗脫落哲學的起源與發展可以依照「魏晉的脫落塵外」、「唐禪的身心無執」、「宋禪的脫落不著」及「日本道元的遊化身心」四個節次加以闡述。魏晉的脫洛塵外，可說是緣起之濫觴期；唐禪的身心無執，可說是播種發芽的植基期；宋禪的脫落不著，可說是瓜果圓熟的成立期；日本道元的遊化身心，可說是質性的轉折變化期。四期都是有關於身心問題的處理與修主體的具體實踐，也各自與當時的主流思潮、社會環境交相融會激盪，在禪思脈絡中舞者著奇特妙姿，開展出特殊之內蘊義涵，成為禪宗思想史上一股不容物視的力量。

This paper thinks that ‘The origin and the development of philosophy that Zen Buddhism comes off’ can according to’ Breaking away from common customs in this world of Wei Jin Dynasty’, ‘Come of f the body and mind the Tang Dynasty’, ‘The philosophy of body and mind that come off in the Song Dynasty’ and ‘The philosophy of body and mind of Dogen’ four periods to exposition. Breaking away from common customs in this world of Wei Jin Dynasty, can be regarded as a beginning period. Come off the body and mind in the Tang Dynasty can be said to be a sprout period. The philosophy of body and mind that come off in the Song Dynasty, can be regarded a mature period. The philosophy of free body and mind of Dogen’s (道元) can be regarded as a changing one. Four periods all relate to treatment of the physical and psychological problem and the concrete practices of the learner of deep mediation. The major ideological trend and the social environment influenced each other at that time. Waving the peculiar wonderful appearance in the train of thought of Zen Buddhism, it develops to be a thought that contains special contends, and becomes a strength that can’t be ignored in the thinking history of Zen Buddhism.