Abstract This study aims to investigate the problems of falling birth rate in Hong Kong, focusing on the impacts of falling birth rate, coping strategies, and difficulties in implementing policies in elementary schools. Literature review, document analysis, and interview method were used for collecting data. Thirty Hong Kong interviewees, including 3 bureaucratic officers, 9 scholars, and 18 elementary school administrators and teachers, provided needed data. Results indicate that the impacts of falling birth rate on elementary schools include the reduction in student enrollment, the closures of schools, a surplus of teachers, and idle school facilities. The coping policies adopted by the Hong Kong government included “reducing classes and closing schools,” “recruiting students outside of Hong Kong,” “providing high-quality educational funds,” “more classes of a smaller size,” “reducing the number of teacher trainees,” “retirement plans for an earlier age,” “hiring assistant teachers,” and “active use of idle facilities.” The rationales behind the coping policies included “marketing mechanism,” “raising the quality of education,” and “valuing teachers’ feelings.” The major problems with the implementation of the coping policies were “closing schools” and “more classes of asmaller size.” “Hiring assistant teachers” and “Salvation Plans” were used to tackle the problems. Based on the findings, some implications, such as implementing elaborate education and establishing teacher evaluation system, are addressed.