With regard to the origination of ”Case of Tainan Canal”, the names of the main characters and the occurring time are all along controversial. For example, the occurring time can be in 1927, 1932, or 1937, these three different claims mainly. Actually, they are all not the real occurring time of the origination of ”Case of Tainan Canal”. This paper will first base on the related reports of Taiwan Daily News in 1930s to thoroughly solve these basic questions. In addition, when ”Case of Tainan Canal” happened, there were some poems written, these can be also used to explore the origination of ”Case of Tainan Canal”, really fascinating.Moreover, the popular literature adapted from ”Case of Tainan Canal” is even worthier to study, including a great sum of different editions of Taiwanese Ballads, and ”Love suicide at Tainan Canal” (1956), the unpopular novel written by Wu, Man-sha (1912~2005). Therefore, this paper will re-examine the content and development of the various ballads adapted from ”Case of Tainan Canal”, and analyse the relation between ballads and novels, the two types of popular literature.