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題名：中國的非洲政策：軟實力與朝貢體系的分析
書刊名：遠景基金會季刊
作者：游智偉／張登及 引用關係
作者(外文)：Yu, Chih-wei／Chang, Teng-chi
出版日期：2011
卷期：12:4
頁次：頁111-156
主題關鍵詞：朝貢體系；軟實力；中國對非洲政策；中非合作論壇；孔子學院；Tributary system；Soft power；China's African policy；Forum on China-Africa cooperation；Confucius institute
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(7) 博士論文(3) 專書(0) 專書論文(1)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:5
  • 共同引用共同引用:158
  • 點閱點閱:158
本文欲藉「軟實力」和「朝貢體系」檢驗中國對非洲政策。本文認為，缺少軟實力，中非關係很可能被推論為「上下從屬」。缺少朝貢體系的指引，又易掩蓋雙方政治往來的實質不平等，故兩者缺一不可。本文研究成果如下：藉物質和非物質利益的不對稱交換，中國擴大了非洲國家的支持；朝貢體系與軟實力的內涵類似，但在運作邏輯與權力選項上有異；中國著重以政策彰顯價值觀，這是一種軟實力的使用；中國使用軟、硬實力的邏輯，與朝貢體系的關係密切。
The purpose of this essay is to examine and explain the relationship between the concept of soft power (SP) and the traditional tributary system (TS) in China’s African policy. In a nutshell, the findings of our research are as follows: firstly, China has earned African states’ support in various fields by means of asymmetric exchange between material and non-material interests. Second, although the context of TS is similar to that of SP, the operating logic and power options of the former differ from those of the latter. Thirdly, China’s policy is used to manifest its values, and that is the aim of SP. Fourthly, the logic behind China’s exercise of power is influenced by its TS heritage. In future studies, TS and SP shall be compared and contrasted further, and the concept of power in traditionalWestern international relations will be used to explain China’s foreign policy completely.
期刊論文
1.Cho, Young Nam、Jong Ho Jeong(2008)。China’s Soft Power: Discussions, Resources and Prospects。Asian Survey，48(3)，453-472。  new window
2.Nye, Joseph S. Jr.(1990)。The Changing Nature of World Power。Political Science Quarterly，105(2)，177-192。  new window
3.丁永康(20001100)。中共推動國際新秩序在非洲的實踐。中國大陸研究，43(11)，77-97。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.何川芳(1998)。華夷秩序論。北京大學學報（哲學社會科學版），35(6)，30-45。  延伸查詢new window
5.Eisenman, Joshua、Kurlantzick, Joshua(2006)。China's Africa Strategy。Current History，105(691)，219-224。  new window
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7.Christensen, Thomas J.(1996)。Chinese Realpolitik。Foreign Affairs，75(5)，37-52。  new window
8.Keohane, Robert O.、Nye, Joseph S. Jr.(1998)。Power and interdependence in the information age。Foreign Affairs，77(5)，81-94。  new window
9.Ross, Robert(1997)。Beijing as Conservative Power。Foreign Affairs，76(2)，33-45。  new window
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11.Nye, Joseph S.(1990)。Soft Power。Foreign Policy，80，153-171。  new window
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15.張雅君(2008)。中國非洲戰略爭議探析：全球治理vs.南南合作。遠景基金會季刊，9(4)，1-51。new window  延伸查詢new window
16.夏吉生(2006)。中非合作與非洲脫貧。西亞非洲，5，5-10 ; 79。  延伸查詢new window
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20.Shie, Tamara Renee(2007)。Rising Chinese Influence in the South Pacific: Beijing’s ‘Island Fever’。Asian Survey，47(2)，307-326。  new window
會議論文
1.張登及(2008)。「軟實力」概念在國際關係理論中的發展試析：以冷戰後的中國為案例。臺北。1-18。  延伸查詢new window
2.張登及、陳瑩羲(2010)。國際關係天下體系的再現？案例研究與理論反思。臺北。1-24。  延伸查詢new window
3.張登及(2008)。中國外交政策的典範轉移：從「大國外交」到「和諧世界」。嘉義。1-12。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
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3.Chan, Gerald(1999)。Chinese Perspectives on International Relations: A Framework for Analysis。New Zealand：Macmillan。  new window
4.坂野正高(2005)。近代中國政治外交史。臺北：臺灣商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
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7.Fairbank, John K.(1968)。The Chinese World Order。Cambridge, Mass：Harvard University Press。  new window
8.U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations(2008)。China’s Foreign Policy and “Soft Power” in South America, Asia, and Africa。Washington,DC：U.S. Senate Committee of Foreign Relations.。  new window
9.艾周昌、沐濤(1996)。中非關係史。上海：華東師範大學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
10.Nye, Joseph S. Jr.(2004)。Power in the Global Informational Age: From Realism to Globalization。Routledge。  new window
11.Taylor, Ian(2011)。The Forum on China-Africa Cooperation。New York：Routledge。  new window
12.Hill, Christopher(2003)。The Changing Politics of Foreign Policy。Palgrave Macmillan Press。  new window
13.王曾才(1993)。中國外交史要義。臺北：經世文化事業公司。  延伸查詢new window
14.蔡東杰(2000)。中國外交史。臺北：風雲論壇出版社。  延伸查詢new window
15.王賡武、天津編譯中心(1994)。中國與海外華人。商務。  延伸查詢new window
16.濱下武志、朱蔭貴、歐陽菲、虞和平(1999)。近代中國的國際契機：朝貢貿易體系與近代亞洲貿易圈。北京市：中國社會科學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
17.蔡東杰(2007)。東亞區域發展的政治經濟學。臺北：五南。new window  延伸查詢new window
18.高明士(2004)。東亞古代的政治與教育。臺北：國立臺灣大學出版中心。new window  延伸查詢new window
19.甘懷真(20070000)。東亞歷史上的天下與中國概念。臺北：國立臺灣大學出版中心。new window  延伸查詢new window
20.Nye, Joseph S. Jr.(2003)。The Paradox of American Power: Why the World's Only Superpower Can't Go it Alone。New York：Oxford University Press。  new window
21.Nye, Joseph S. Jr.(1990)。Bound to Lead: The Changing Nature of American Power。Basic Book。  new window
22.Knorr, Klaus(1975)。The Power of Nations: The Political Economy of International Relations。New York：Basic Books。  new window
23.Strange, Susan(1996)。The Retreat of the State: The Diffusion of Power in the World Economy。Cambridge University Press。  new window
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29.劉廣京、中國社會科學院歷史研究所、John K. Fairbank(1993)。劍橋中國晚清史1800-1911年(上)。北京。  延伸查詢new window
30.Lord, Carnes(2006)。Losing Hearts and Minds?: Public Diplomacy and Strategic Influence。Westport, CT。  new window
31.Lum, Thomas、Wayne M. Morrison、Bruce Vaughn(2008)。China’s “Soft Power” in Southeast Asia。Washington, DC。  new window
32.Matsuda, Takeshi(2007)。Soft Power and Its Perils: U.S. Cultural Policy in Early Postwar Japan and Permanent Dependency。Stanford, CA。  new window
33.Larkin, Bruce D.(1973)。China and Africa 1949-1970: The Foreign Policy of the People’s Republic of China。Berkeley, CA。  new window
34.Yu, George T.(1975)。China’s African Policy: A Study of Tanzania。New York。  new window
35.Rothgeb, John M.(1993)。Defining Power: Influence and Force in the Contemporary International System。New York。  new window
36.Alves, Ana Cristina(2008)。Chinese Economic Diplomacy in Africa: The Lusophone Strategy,。China Returns to Africa: A Rising Power and a Continent Embrace。New York。  new window
37.Breitmeier, Helmut(1997)。International Organizations and the Creation of Environmental Regimes。Global Governance: Drawing Insights from the Environmental Experience。Cambridge, MA。  new window
38.Chapommitere, Jean-Raphaël(2009)。Chinese Aid to Africa: Origins, Forms and Issues。The New Presence ofChina in Africa。Amsterdam。  new window
39.Dosch, Jörn(2006)。United States Security Policies in Asia。Asian Security Reassessed。Singapore。  new window
40.He, Wenping(2008)。China’s Perspective on Contemporary China-Africa Relation。China Returns to Africa: A Rising Power and a Continent Embrace。New York。  new window
41.Ikome, Francis(2010)。The Role and Place of the African Union in the China-Africa Partnership。Chinese and African Perspectives on China in Africa。Cape Town, South Africa。  new window
42.Nye, Joseph S., Jr.(2004)。Limits of American Power。American Hegemony: Preventive War, Iraq, and Imposing Democracy。New York。  new window
43.Jiang, Wenran(2008)。China’s Emerging Strategic Partnership in Africa。China into Africa: Trade, Aids, and Influence。Baltimore, MD。  new window
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45.Kavalski, Emilian(2009)。Making a Region out of a Continent? China’s Regionalization of Africa。China and the Global Politics of Regionalization。Burlington, VT。  new window
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47.Nye, Joseph S., Jr.(2007)。The Place of Soft Power in State-Based Conflict Management。Leashing the Dogs of War: Conflict Management in a Divided World。Washington, DC。  new window
48.Sautman, Barry、Yan Hairong(2008)。Friends and Interests: China’s Distinctive Links with Africa。China’s New Role in Africa and the South: A Search for a New Perspective。Nairobi, Oxford, & Bankok。  new window
49.Nye, Joseph S., Jr.(2004)。Hard Power, Soft Power and ‘War on Terrorism’。American Power in the 21st Century。Malden, MA。  new window
50.Taylor, Ian(2004)。The ‘All-weather Friend’? Sino-African Interaction in the Twenty-First Century。Africa in International Politics: External Involvement on the Continent。New York。  new window
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其他
1.中華人民共和國外交部(2011)。中非合作論壇北京宣言，http://www.focac.org/chn/ltda/dyjbzjhy/hywj12009/t155560.htm。  延伸查詢new window
2.Clifton, Jon(20110324)。Worldwide Approval of U.S. Leadership Tops Major powers，http://www.gallup.com/poll/146771/Worldwide-Approval-Leadership-Tops-Major-Powers.aspx#2。  new window
3.Tortora, Bob(20061109)。Early ImPressions: Africans on U.S., Chinese Leadership，http://www.gallup.com/poll/25408/early-impressions-africans-uschinese-leadership.aspx。  new window
4.中華人民共和國外交部(2011)。中國與非洲國家關係，http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/chn/pds/gjhdq/gj/fz/。  延伸查詢new window
5.蘇軾(2011)。王者不治夷狄論，http://www.bestory.co/novel/11/101604/16020.html。  延伸查詢new window
6.中華人民共和國外交部(2009)。全面推進中非新型戰略夥伴關係－－溫家寶總理在中非合作論壇第四屆部長級會議開幕式上的講話，http://www.focac.org/chn/ltda/dsjbzjhy/bzhyzyjh/t627094.htm。  延伸查詢new window
7.中華人民共和國外交部(2009)。中非合作論壇：沙姆沙伊赫行動計畫(2010至2012 年)，http://www.focac.org/chn/dsjbzjhy/bzhyhywj/t626385.htm。  延伸查詢new window
8.中華人民共和國外交部(2009)。中非合作論壇沙姆沙伊赫宣言，http://www.focac.org/chn/dsjbzjhy/bzhyhywj/t626386.htm。  延伸查詢new window
9.中華人民共和國外交部(2011)。中非合作論壇：亞德斯貝巴行動計劃(2004至2006年)，http://www.focac.org/chn/ltda/dejbzjhy/hywj22009/。  延伸查詢new window
10.中華人民共和國外交部(2006)。中非合作論壇北京行動計畫(2007-2009年)論壇北京行動計畫(2007-2009年)，http://www.focac.org/chn/ltda/bjfhbzjhy/hywj32009/t584788.htm。  延伸查詢new window
11.中華人民共和國外交部(2006)。中非合作論壇北京峰會宣言，http://www.focac.org/chn/ltda/bjfhbzjhy/hywj32009/t584776.htm。  延伸查詢new window
12.中華人民共和國外交部(2011)。中非經濟和社會發展合作綱領，http://www.focac.org/chn/ltda/dyjbzjhy/hywj12009/t155561.htm。  延伸查詢new window
13.司馬光(2011)。資治通鑑(卷178)，http://www.yasue.cc/chi_chi_tong_gam178.html。  new window
14.魏徵等(2011)。帝紀第一高祖( 上)，http://www.xysa.net/a200/h350/15suishu/t-001.htm>。  延伸查詢new window
15.Ray, Julie(2008)。China’s Leadership Better Regarded outside the West，http://www.gallup.com/poll/106858/Chinas-Leadership-Better-Regarded-Outside-West.aspx。  new window
圖書論文
1.Glaser, Bonnie S.、Murphy, Melisso E.(2009)。Soft Power with Chinese Characteristic: The Ongoing Debate。Chinese Soft Power and Its Implications for the United States: Competition and Cooperation in the Developing World。Center for Strategic and International Studies。  new window
2.Nye, Joseph S., Jr.(2007)。Notes for a Soft-Power Research Agenda。Power in World Politics。New York：Routledge。  new window
3.Cooke, Jennifer G.(2009)。China’s Soft Power in Africa。Chinese Soft Power and Its Implications for the United States: Competition and Cooperation in the Developing World。Washington, DC：Center for Strategic International Studies Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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