一、《論語》中孔子十分重視「忠信」，甚至可說孔子教學的核心就是「忠信」。 二、孔子之所以如此重視「忠信」，與時代風氣密切相關。 三、孔子從時代中來，卻又超越時代。孔學，簡單的講就是一個由「禮」到「仁」的發展過程。「忠信，禮之本也」，「忠信」是孔子屬於時代的部分；「忠恕」則是孔子超越時代的部分，這方面或許可以對應的說成：「忠恕，仁之本也」。 四、此一對應若成立，可見孔子的「仁」有兩個突出：(1) 主體的突出，(2) 他人意識的突出（心中常有對方）。 五、從「忠信」到「忠恕」並非以「忠恕」替換「忠信」，而是一個從「盡己」到「推己」的發展，從「己」本位向「人」本位的發展。只有如此，以關係為核心的社會才可能真正和諧。

01. "The Analects of Confucius（論語）" values “devotion of soul, and truthfulness（忠信）” very much. 02. We can even say that values “devotion of soul, and truthfulness” is the core of Confucius’ teaching.The reason why Confucius put such weight on values “devotion of soul, and truthfulness” was related to the era. 03. Confucius came from his era, and yet went beyond his era.Confucianism as a whole is a course of development from “ceremonies （ 禮） ” to “ceremonies”.“devotion of soul, and truthfulness” is the foundation of “ceremonies” is the part from Confucius’ time. And “devotion of soul, and RECIPROCITY（忠恕）” is the part that went beyond Confucius’ time. Correspondingly, “devotion of soul, and RECIPROCITY” is the foundation of “virtue（仁）”. 04. From this we could see that the “virtue” of Confucius highlights one’s own self on one hand, and highlights others on the other hand. It is a course of development from “oneself” to “the other”. 05. This is the only means to have real harmony in a society where everything is centered around relations.