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題名:《道德經》的傳授、誦讀與道教法位階次
書刊名:輔仁宗教研究
作者:張超然 引用關係
作者(外文):Chang, Chao-jan
出版日期:2013
卷期:14:1=27
頁次:頁63-91
主題關鍵詞:道德經五千文靈寶齋法轉經太玄部法位DaodejingWuqian wenLingbao School ritualsScripture recitalTaixuan VolumeDaoist priestly hierarchy
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(3) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
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  • 共同引用共同引用:62
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天師道教團在巴蜀成立初期既已講授老子《五千文》,並且提出自身的《老子》詮釋-《想爾注》。然而,當時法位階次的判定卻不是根據《五千文》的受學。即使到了時代《奉道科誡營始》,「正一法位」仍然不見《道德經》與相關注釋的傳授。然而在齊梁之際,《道德經》及其相關注釋、要訣與儀式已經以「太玄部」的經群形式集結,並將此經群的授予與「高玄法師」的法位聯繫。本文即以《道德經》的傳授、誦讀活動為考察重點,發現早期天師道講授《五千文》以來,直至「太玄部」的建立,仙公系《靈寶經》對於《道德經五千文》的倡行具有關鍵性地位。其中尤以《太極真人敷靈寶齋戒威儀諸經要訣》在靈寶齋法中確立轉經儀軌,並將《道德經》納入轉誦經目的作法,確立了《道德經》在靈寶教法中的重要地位。《太極隱注玉經寶訣》則在《敷齋經訣》的基礎上,進一步建構了《道德經》的傳經、開經、讀經儀軌,致使轉經活動更為具體可行。最後,甚至為了提供建齋或居家學者所需,在前述二經的基礎上,作成一本附有《老子道德經序訣》的靈寶經派《道德經》讀本。
In the early period of its establishment in today's Sichuan Province, China, the confraternity of the Way of the Celestial Masters (Tianshi Dao) followed the practice of having Daoist priests who were engaged in imparting the teaching of Laozi's ”Daodejing”. As early as c.220-265 AD, the ”Xiang'er Commentary”, the Celestial Masters' interpretation of the Laozi, had been written down. However, the fledgling Celestial Masters' Way set both the sequence of a Daoist priest receiving teachings of the Dao and the hierarchy of priests based on the Daoist registers (Zhengyi mengwei falu). The ”Daodejing” was not adopted to determine the hierarchy. Even when the Fengdao kejie yingshi was created during the Sui Dynasty, no transmission of the ”Daodejing” or related commentaries was found that spoke about the position of the Zhengyi priest.Nevertheless, around 502 AD when the system of Seven Volumes of Daoist Scriptures was adopted, the ”Daodejing” and its commentaries, instructions, and rituals were organized in the scripture series in the Great Mystery (Taixuan) Volume and the conferring of the scripture was linked with the position of the Priest of Eminent Mystery (Gaoxuan Fashi). This study focuses on the transmission and recitation of the ”Daodejing” and finds that ”Xiangong Lingbao” Scriptures played a key role in popularizing the ”Daodejing” from the time of the Celestial Masters' imparting its teachings to the establishment of the Great Mystery Volume. The ”Taiji Zhenren Fulingbaozhaijie Weiyi Zhujing Yaojue” helped determine the guidelines for the recital of scripture in Lingbao School rituals and incorporated the ”Daodejing” into the practice of recital, thereby ensuring its prominent status in the Lingbao School's teaching and practice. The ”Taiji Yinzhu Yujing Baojue” further established the transmission, opening, and reading of the ”Daodejing”, making recital of the scripture more feasible. Furthermore, for those who set up an altar or studied Daoist teachings at home, the Lingbao School ”Daodejing” reader was created with the ”Laozi Daodejing Xujue”, based on the aforesaid two scriptures, appended.
期刊論文
1.Lagerwey, John(2006)。Zhenyi Registers. ICS Visiting Professor Lecture Series (1): Journal of Chinese Studies Special Issue25-88。  new window
2.呂鵬志(20060300)。天師道授籙科儀--敦煌寫本S203考論。中央研究院歷史語言研究所集刊,77(1),79-166。new window  延伸查詢new window
3.劉屹(20080200)。「元始系」與「仙公系」靈寶經的先後問題--以「古靈寶經」中的「天尊」和「元始天尊」為中心。敦煌學,27,275-291。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.Strickmann, Michel(1977)。The Mao Shan Revelations: Taoism and the Aristocracy。T'oung Pao,63(1),1-64。  new window
會議論文
1.張超然(2012)。唐宋以前道教齋儀中的「禮師存念」及其歷史發展--兼論道教齋壇圖像運用的必要性。「正一與地方道教儀式」國際研討會,金門大學閩南文化研究所 (會議日期: 2012年9月22-23日)。金門。  延伸查詢new window
2.Bokenkamp, Stephen(2008)。The origins of the Daoist guan and the early Lingbao Scriptures。臺北:政治大學宗教學研究所主辦。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.鄭燦山(2000)。邁向聖典之路--東晉唐初道教道德經學(博士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學,臺北。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.張超然(2008)。系譜、教法及其整合:東晉南朝道教上清經派的基礎研究(博士論文)。國立政治大學。new window  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.大淵忍爾(1964)。道教經典史の研究。岡山:岡山大學共濟會書籍部。  延伸查詢new window
2.Schipper, Kristofer(1975)。Concordance du Tao-tsang. Titres des ouvrages。Paris:EFEO。  new window
3.丸山宏(2005)。道教儀禮文書の歴史的研究。東京:汲古書院。  延伸查詢new window
4.呂鵬志(2008)。唐前道教儀式史綱。中華書局。  延伸查詢new window
5.小林正美(2003)。唐代の道教と天師道。東京:知泉書館。  延伸查詢new window
6.張繼愈(200401)。中華道藏。北京:華夏出版社。  延伸查詢new window
7.小林正美、李慶(2001)。六朝道教史研究。四川人民出版社。  延伸查詢new window
8.大淵忍爾(1991)。初期の道教--道教史の研究。東京:創文社。  延伸查詢new window
9.蕭登福(1995)。道教與佛教。臺北:東大。  延伸查詢new window
10.陳國符(1963)。道藏源流考。中華書局。  延伸查詢new window
11.王承文(2002)。敦煌古靈寶經與晉唐道教。中華書局。  延伸查詢new window
12.盧國龍(1993)。中國重玄學--理想與現實的殊途與同歸。人民中國出版社。  延伸查詢new window
13.張魯、饒宗頤(1991)。老子想爾注校證。上海古籍出版社。  延伸查詢new window
14.小林正美(2006)。道教の斎法儀礼の思想史的研究。知泉書館。  延伸查詢new window
15.楠山春樹(1979)。老子傳說の研究。創文社。  延伸查詢new window
16.鄭燦山、國立編譯館(2009)。東晉唐初道教道德經學--關於道德經與重玄思想暨太玄部之討論。臺北:台灣學生書局。new window  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.九山宏(2004)。道教儀礼の出官啟事に関する諸問題。中国思想における身体、自然、信仰:坂出祥伸先生退休記念論集。東京:東方書店。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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