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題名：校園的空間配置對兒童身體活動量影響之研究
書刊名：戶外遊憩研究
作者：曾慈慧 引用關係／丁志堅 引用關係／黎俊彥 引用關係／呂明心
作者(外文)：Tseng, A. Tzuhui／DIng, Tsu-jen／Lee, Alex J. Y.／Lu, Ming-hsin
出版日期：2013
卷期：26:3
頁次：頁71-104
主題關鍵詞：校園配置；身體活動量；地理資訊系統；全球定位系統；Schoolyard space arrangement；Physical activity；GIS；GPS
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(3) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
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  • 共同引用共同引用:102
  • 點閱點閱:46
兒童每天在校園中停留最久也進行許多活動，然現今學童身體活動量不夠，運動不足造成肥胖比例增加。國內的校園研究很少探討空間對兒童身體活動量產生的影響，本研究選擇具有全球定位系統與心跳的運動手錶為測量儀器，並搭配自我填答式問卷，紀錄兒童的基本資料、下課時間的活動以及身體活動習慣。依照班級數目及校地面積抽取新竹市都市計畫區四等級的國小各一間學校進行抽樣調查，共有90位學生樣本填答問卷、72位學生樣本提供GPS數據。並以gMapmaker製作符合World Geodetic System 84座標系統之校園地圖，結合樣本資料進行統計分析校園空間配置與樣本身體活動量及空間使用情況之關係。主要研究結果如下：一、兒童下課時偏好在運動場及建築物中停留，廣場的停留人數最多但停留時間卻不長。二、兒童的體能活動多在學校中產生，但下課時的身體活動量仍嫌不足。三、建築物及運動場較能引發高身體活動量，兒童偏好在運動空間從事球類運動與跑步，在建築物中從是追逐遊戲。四、不同的校園空間對兒童下課的身體活動量程度與停留時間形成顯著差異，運動場能使兒童產生較久的中度以上身體活動量。五、總身體活動量時間長、體育課參與程度高、上學時活動參與高者的下課平均心跳也較高，而其輕－中度與中－激烈度的身體活動量累積時間也較長。六、坐車通勤者的輕－中度身體活動量累積時間高於走路通勤者，上學時低活動參與者的輕度與輕－中度身體活動量累積時間均高於高活動參與者，顯示較不好動的兒童的身體活動量累積，也是以輕度或者輕－中度為主。
Children spend most of their day in school, carrying out various activities, however, today's children do not do enough physical activity, and this lack of exercise has caused an increase in obesity. Domestic schoolyard studies seldom focus on the impact of space on children's physical activity level. This study uses watches with GPS and heart rate monitor functions as measuring instruments, as well as self-answering surveys to record children's background information, measure recess activity, and physical activity habits. Elementary schools in four levels of the urban planning districts in Hsinchu are selected by class number and school area, and one school from each area was chosen for sampling, including 90 sample surveys and 72 pieces of GPS data. Schoolyard maps were created by gMapmaker using the World Geodetic System 84 coordination system, and were integrated with sample data for analysis, to examine the relationships between schoolyard space arrangement, sample's physical activity level, and the use of space.Study results are as follows:1. Children prefer staying on athletic fields and in buildings; the largest numbers of people were recorded in plaza areas but the length of peoples stay in these areas was short.2. Children's physical activity mostly occurred in school, but their physical activity level during recess is still not high enough.3. Buildings and athletic fields are places that induced high levels of physical activity; children prefer playing ball and running in athletic areas and chasing each other in the buildings.4. Different schoolyard spaces show significant differences in children's physical activity level and staying time during recess; children have longer MVPA (moderate to vigorous physical activity) and higher physical activity levels on the athletic field.5. Children with longer total physical activity periods, who have high participation in physical education classes and school activities have higher average heart rates during recess, and have longer LMPA (light to moderate physical activity) level and MVPA levels of accumulated physical activity time.6. Children commuting by car have higher mid-mild levels of accumulated physical activity time then those commuting by foot; during school, LPA (light to moderate physical activity) level and LMPA levels of low activity children's accumulated physical activity time are higher than high activity childrens. This indicates that the physical activity levels of less active children mainly are from LPA or LMPA.
期刊論文
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6.張俊彥、張蓉真(19981200)。國小校園景觀對學童學習效益影響之研究。中國園藝，44(4)，479-489。  延伸查詢new window
7.曾慈慧、丁志堅、黎俊彥、呂明心(20121200)。學童的校園空間移動模式與身體活動量關係之初探。健康促進與衛生教育學報，38，27-48。new window  延伸查詢new window
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10.Fjørtoft, I.(2004)。Play as playscape: The effects of natural environment on children's play and motor development。Children, Youth and Environments，14(2)，21-44。  new window
11.Haug, E.、Torsheim, T.、Sallis, J. F.、Samdal, O.(2010)。The characteristics of the outdoor school environment associated with physical activity。Health Education Research，25(2)，248-256。  new window
12.Herrington, S.、Studtmann, K.(1998)。Landscape interventions: New directions for the design of children's outdoor play environments。Landscape and Urban Planning，42(2-4)，191-205。  new window
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18.Ridgers, N. D.、Stratton, G.、Fairclough, S. J.、Twisk, J. W.(2007)。Long-term effects of a playground makings and physical structures on children's recess physical activity levels。Preventive Medicine，44(5)，393-397。  new window
19.Samborski, S.(2010)。Biodiverse or barren school grounds: Their effects on children。Children, Youth and Environments，20(2)，67-115。  new window
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23.劉鶴珣、蔡美文、李淑貞(20081200)。學齡前兒童身體活動日誌同時效度檢驗：前驅研究。物理治療，33(6)，381-389。  延伸查詢new window
24.Zask, A.、Van Beurden, E.、Barnett, L.、Brooks, L. O.、Dietrich, U. C.(2001)。Active school playgrounds-myth or reality? Results of the "move it groove it" project。Preventive Medicine，33(5)，402-408。  new window
25.侯錦雄、張筱雲、莊怡凱(20030600)。學童的環境認知與環境學習機會關係研究--以臺中市國小校園景觀設施為例。造園學報，9(1)，89-112。new window  延伸查詢new window
26.Dishman, R. K.(1991)。Increasing and maintaining exercise and physical activity。Behavior Therapy，22(3)，345-378。  new window
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會議論文
1.Lilley, H. E.(1986)。Student control as a planning and design factor in education facilities。The Edusystems 2000 International Congress on Education Facilities, Values & Contents。Jerusalem。  new window
2.Earthman, G. I.(1986)。Research needs in the field of education facilities planning。the Edusystems 2000 International Congress on Education Facilities, Values & Contents。Jerusalem, Isreal。  new window
學位論文
1.沈瑞琳(2009)。校園建築景觀形式與環境偏好之研究-以台中市（縣）國小為例(碩士論文)。逢甲大學，台中。  延伸查詢new window
2.盧盈智(2006)。鄉村與都市國小學童體型特徵、平衡能力與身體活動量之差異(碩士論文)。國立新竹教育大學。  延伸查詢new window
3.黃芳利(1998)。台北市國小學童使用校園戶外空間之研究(碩士論文)。淡江大學。  延伸查詢new window
4.謝振東(2006)。發展協調障礙兒童生活型態之分析(碩士論文)。國立臺灣體育學院，臺中市。  延伸查詢new window
5.高忠敬(1992)。國民小學普通教室使用方式及空間轉型之研究(碩士論文)。國立成功大學。  延伸查詢new window
6.呂金榮(2009)。國小高年級學童校園運動環境態度與課間運動行為研究(碩士論文)。國立臺北教育大學，臺北。  延伸查詢new window
7.許柏仁(2010)。聽覺障礙學生身體活動之研究--以啟聰學校為例(碩士論文)。國立體育大學。  延伸查詢new window
8.湯志民(1991)。臺北市國民小學學校建築規畫、環境知覺與學生行為之相關研究(博士論文)。國立政治大學。new window  延伸查詢new window
9.王元亨(1994)。從兒童遊戲的觀點探討鄰里公園兒童遊戲空間的規劃設計(碩士論文)。國立臺灣大學。  延伸查詢new window
10.盧娟娟(2007)。國小學童對校園的涉入、場所感與學校認同之研究--以直潭國小為例(碩士論文)。國立新竹教育大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Dober, R. P.(2000)。Campus landscape: Function, forms, Feature。New York：John Wiley and Sons, Inc.。  new window
2.Welk, G. J.(2002)。Physical Activity Assessment for Health-Related Research。Champaign, IL：Human Kinetics。  new window
3.陳文錦、凌德麟(1999)。臺北市國小遊戲場之設施準則。台北：台北市政府教育局。  延伸查詢new window
4.Currie, C.、Samdal, O.、Boyce, W.、Smith, R.(2001)。Health behaviour in school-aged children: A WHO cross-national study。Edinburgh, UK：University of Edinburgh。  new window
5.Golledge, R. G.(1999)。Wayfinding behavior: Cognitive mapping and the other spatial processes。Baltimore, MD：The Johns Hopkins University Press。  new window
6.湯志民(2002)。臺灣的學校建築。臺北市：五南圖書出版有限公司。new window  延伸查詢new window
7.Sallis, J. F.、Owen, N.(1999)。Physical Activity and Behavioral Medicine。Thousand Oaks, Calif：London：Sage。  new window
其他
1.教育部(2007)。快活計畫--促進學生身體活動，帶給學生健康、活力與智慧，http://140.122.72.62/policy/index。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.賴協志(2002)。從兩性平等教育觀點論國小學童對室外運動場地的使用需求--以台北縣十分國小、吉慶國小、清水國小為例。優質的學校環境。台北：中華民國學校建築研究學會。  延伸查詢new window
2.Amstrong, N.(1990)。Children's physical activity patterns: The implications for physical education。New directions in physical action。Champaign, IL：Human Kinetics。  new window
 
 
 
 
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