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題名:國民小學校長優質領導、學校環境營造與教師教學效能關係之研究
作者:柯份
作者(外文):Fen Ko
校院名稱:國立臺北教育大學
系所名稱:教育經營與管理學系
指導教授:鄭崇趁
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2014
主題關鍵詞:校長優質領導學校環境營造教師教學效能
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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本研究旨在探討國民小學校長優質領導、學校環境營造與教師教學效能之現況、差異、相關性、預測情形及結構方程式是否成立,可解釋各個變項之間的關係。以新北市公立國民小學之校長、主任、組長、級任教師及科任教師為研究對象。依據研究動機先擬定研究目的,再依據研究目的擬定研究待答問題,以文獻分析、問卷調查進行研究,藉以解釋調查結果、歸納本研究結論。並依據分析與討論資料,提出建議以提供教育主管行政機關、國民小學、教師及未來研究之參考。
本研究過程先參考國內外相關文獻,建立研究理論架構,編製「國民小
學校長優質領導、學校環境營造與教師教學效能調查問卷」進行調查,依據分層
隨機抽樣及分層抽取比率的方法,抽取新北市60所公立國民小學1259位包括校
長、主任、組長、級任教師及科任教師等1259位學校教育人員作為研究樣本,
共回收問卷1051份,問卷回收比率為83.5%,採用SPSS18.for windows版及
Amos6.0版統計套裝軟體進行統計分析,採用平均數、標準差、單因子變異數分析
及t考驗、皮爾遜績差相關、多元逐步回歸與線性結構方程式等統計方法,來進
行資料的分析與處裡;最後依據問卷統計分析結果,歸納出主要研究發現,輔以
文獻分析所得的資料,進行綜合討論後作成以下結論:
一、校長優質領導、學校環境營造與教師教學效能的意涵與特質具有時代性。
二、校長優質領導、學校環境營造與教師教學效能的發展具有理論支持。
三、國際成功學校校長計畫(ISSPP)研究及國內碩博士論文對於校長優質領導、學校環境營造與教師教學效能之研究,均持正向的結論。
四、實施校長優質領導應由樹立優質的「領導理念」著手,其次為善用「經營策略」、塑造「學生特性」、引導「教學取向」與參與「課程規劃」層面。
五、營造高品質學校環境應以塑造「教學空間」為先,其次為「教學資源」、「設施資源」、「學習空間」與「學習步道」層面。
六、提升教師教學效能需以「有效的教學行為」為主,其次為「關懷的學習情境」、「學生的學習成就」、「清晰的教學脈絡」與「多樣的教學技巧」層面。
七、不同性別背景變項之國民小學教師對學校環境營造的知覺具顯著差異。
八、不同視導區、年齡、服務年資、職務、校長年資、學校地區、學校歷史與學校規模等背景變項之國民小學教師對校長優質領導與學校環境營造的知覺具顯著差異。
九、不同視導區、性別、年齡、服務年資與職務等背景變項之國民小學教師對教師教學效能的知覺具顯著差異。
十、國民小學校長優質領導、學校環境營造與教師教學效能三者之間具密切的正相關。
十、國民小學校長優質領導之「經營策略」、「課程規劃」、「教學取向」與「學生特質」與學校環境營造之「教學空間」、「學習空間」與「教學資源」層面能預測教師教學效能。
十二、校長優質領導、學校環境營造與教師教學效能的結構方程模式之適配度評鑑良好,能解釋主要變項間的關係。
十三、研究發現校長優質領導與國際成功學校校長計畫(ISSPP),在「領導理念」
作比較,研究結果一致的部分:在人員發展方面,校長重視教師專業成長、
積極營造教師個人能量和學校能量;在建立方向方面,有明確的學校願景和
清晰的學校目標。
十四、研究發現校長優質領導與國際成功學校校長計畫(ISSPP),在「領導理念」
作比較,研究結果不一致的部分:在人員發展方面,校長對促進教師社群廣
泛的學習、提供教職員工個別的支持與關懷,我們在這兩方面尚待努力。
關鍵詞:校長優質領導、學校環境營造、教師教學效能
The purposes of this research is to discuss the current situation, differences, relativities, predictions, and whether the structure formulas would be established for the supreme leadership of the principals of elementary schools, the building-up of school environments, and the effectiveness of the teaching by the teachers. We used the presidents, directors, leaders, homeroom teachers, and subject teachers as our research targets. We proposed the research purposes based on the research motives, then used the research purposes to obtain the questions to be answered. We used literature analysis and questionnaires to conduct the research, and with it to explain the research results and summarizes the research conclusion. According to the analysis and discussion, we proposed suggestions for the educational administration departments, elementary schools, and teachers to use as future research references.
For this research, we first studied domestic and foreign related literatures to establish our research theory structures, and used it to create the “Research Questionnaire on the Supreme Leadership of the Principles of Elementary Schools, the Building-up of School Environments, and the Effectiveness of the Teaching by the Teachers”, and conducted research. We used stratified random sampling and hierarchical decimation ratio to sample 60 public elementary schools in New Taipei City for a total of 1259 school staff including presidents, directors, leaders, homeroom teachers, and subject teachers as our research samples. We got back 1051 copies of the questionnaire with a return rate of 83.5%. We used SPSS18 for windows version and Amos 6.0 version statistic software to process the statistical analysis by finding the means, standard deviations, ANOVA analysis, and t test, Pearson correlation, stepwise regression, and linear structural equation, to conduct the analysis and process of the data obtained. Finally, we used the statistical analysis result from the questionnaire and summarized the major findings for this research. With the assistance from the data from literature analysis, we conducted comprehensive discussion with the following conclusions:
1. The meanings and characteristics of for the supreme leadership of the principals of elementary schools, the building-up of school environments, and the effectiveness of the teaching by the teachers are time sensitive.
2. The developments of for the supreme leadership of the principals of elementary schools, the building-up of school environments, and the effectiveness of the teaching by the teachers have theoretical support.
3. The ISSPP researches and domestic master thesis all hold positive conclusions toward the research on the supreme leadership of the principals of elementary schools, the building-up of school environments, and the effectiveness of the teaching by the teachers.
4. To implement supreme leadership of the principals, it should start with the establishment of “leadership concepts”, followed by using “managerial strategies”, to create “student characteristics”, and direct their “learning orientation”, and involve in their “course planning”.
5. To create high quality school environment, it should begin with creating “teaching space”, then followed by “teaching resources”, “facility resources”, “learning space”, and “learning path”.
6. To enhance the effectiveness of the teaching by the teachers, it should focus on “effective teaching behaviors” first, followed by the “caring learning environment”, the “study achievement of the students”, “clear teaching methods”, and “dynamic teaching skills”.
7. Elementary school teachers with different gender backgrounds displayed significant difference in the perception of school environment creation.
8. The teachers of the elementary schools that have background variables of the teaching zone, age, seniority, job duties, principle seniority, school district, school history, and school size, have significant difference toward the understanding of the supreme leadership of the principals and the building-up of school environment.
9. The teachers of the elementary schools that have background variables of the teaching zone, gender, age, service seniority, and job duties have significant difference toward the understanding of the teaching effectiveness.
10. The supreme leadership of the principals of elementary schools, the building-up of school environments, and the effectiveness of the teaching by the teachers are positively related to each other.
11. The “managerial strategies”, “course planning”, “teaching orientation”, and “student characteristics” of the supreme leadership of the principals, and the “teaching space”, “learning space”, and “teaching resources” of the building-up of the school environment can predict the effectiveness of the teaching by the teachers.
12. The good evaluation on the structure formula for the supreme leadership of the principals of elementary schools, the building-up of school environments, and the effectiveness of the teaching by the teachers can explain the relationships for the variables.
13. In “Concepts of Leadership”, the result of the study echoes the International Successful School Principals Project (ISSPP) as follows: in personnel development, principals advocate the development of teachers’ proficiency, promoting the individual energy of educators and energy of the environment; in direction construction, principals leads the school with clear vision and objectives.
14. In “Concepts of Leadership”, the result of the study suggests an improvement for the International Successful School Principals Project (ISSPP): in personnel development, principals are encouraged to invest effort into promoting the ongoing learning of teachers and offering personal support to teachers and administrative staff.
Keywords: the supreme leadership of the principals of elementary schools, the building-up of school environments, and the effectiveness of the teaching by the teachers
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