The purpose of this paper is to explore the nature of ”politicization” of the Chinese workers in the 1920s by identifying the degree of spontaneity and passivity of workers who participated in the February Strike, one in a wave of strikes that hit Japanese-owned spinning factories in Shanghai from February 9 to March 2, 1925. The February Strike began as foremen who, having been laid off by factories, turned to radical actions, including attacking factories. Revolutionary party members then mobilized unemployed foremen, giving their radical activities political legitimacy with revolutionary discourse. Almost entirely under the control of foremen, unemployed workers used threats and violence towards other workers to get them to support the strike. One interesting exception to this pattern was the case of Gongda, a Japanese-owned cotton mill. Faced with the February Strike actions, the workers of Gongda successfully organized a self-defense corps, and resisted outside mobilization. There must have been a complicated variety of reasons, but it is notable that the Gongda factory established an Ishisotsūiinkai (communication committee) with its workers. In general terms, there are two contradictory images of ”politicization.” The first image is politicization with discussion and freedom of expression. In this kind of politicization, we can identify a movement toward democracy. In contrast, the second image is extremely negative, showing politicization which excludes discussion and freedom of expression. In such politicization, the tendency toward dictatorship becomes strengthened. Both images can be found in previous studies, but there are few scholars who try to connect these two ”politicizations.” My suggestion in this paper is that we need to start from a more neutral assumption, with a view to preventing our thinking from being limited by revolutionary discourse or possessed with Yuminguan (i.e. the view that regards the people as being ignorant masses)-that is to say, we had better see the strikes as a movement initially having two potential outcomes. A balanced analysis of the February Strike indicates a tendency towards dictatorship, because the strikers generally lacked the ability to engage in discussion or to have a sense of public spirit. Nevertheless, from the case of Gongda, we can see there were also workers who resisted outside mobilization. They had a kind of communication platform, from which they found a degree of freedom of expression. This indicates that the February Strike also did include a possibility of democratization.