This article intends to re-examine the Avant-Garde art movement, an important art movement in the Western world during the 20th century, from a more objective, contemporary perspective. Its analytical discussion is based on discourses about the modern-and-postmodern debates during the 80’s and the important crisscross dialectic in some publications after 2010. It is expected new findings will arise from this comparative study. This study applies theories summarized from Matei Calinescu (1987), T.Adorno, Pierre Bourdieu, Philippe Roussin (2010) and Jean-Pierre Cometti (2010) as a basis for the analysis and will use the core writings of the Frankfort School as a comparison. Its main purpose is to clarify the main ideas of the aesthetics of negation of the Frankfort School such as “Subversion” or “Emancipation”. This article will also discuss the terms and concepts of “Originality” and “Autonomie” that are frequently used in modern art. This article will use these key notions as the core structure and modernity as the context for the discussion of some relatively important problems and issues in the field. Besides, these problems and issues go beyond the domain of the Avant-Garde to a wider dimension, continuing to influence the development of contemporary art.