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題名:當代藝術中的後人類身體調控
作者:吳梓寧 引用關係
作者(外文):WU, TZU-NING
校院名稱:國立臺南藝術大學
系所名稱:藝術創作理論研究所博士班
指導教授:薛保瑕
龔卓軍
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2016
主題關鍵詞:賽伯格後人類模控學身體政治生命政治主體性CyborgPosthumanCyberneticsBody PoliticsBio-politicsSubjectivity
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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本文以《當代藝術中的後人類身體調控》為題,主要研究「賽伯格」與「後人類」的當代身體美學問題。於緒論後的第二章追溯主體論述與科技演進,第三章與第四章透過當代藝術創作案例研討,分別聚焦於「資訊科技」與「生物科技」的科技互動與社會模控作用,第五章交叉歸整前面章節所有作品,從「互動與調控」、「真實與虛擬」、「存在與流變」、「個體與群體」的四個美學問題切點,探討當代藝術中的後人類身體調控,以主體哲學、科技史、論述史三條線索的系譜探究,批判並回應「後人類」論述中付之闕如的身體美學研究,並於第六章總結。
研究範疇以1940年代數位資訊革命與1970年代分子生物革命為研究起點,而演進至今的當代藝術融合科技應用,在強調互動性與開放性的當代藝術民主化歷程中,伴隨法蘭克福學派的批判理論影響,從社會學觀點批判媒體與科技霸權的論述系譜,逐漸被引用在新媒體和科技藝術創作與藝術評論中。但是科技女性主義論述卻鼓勵女性擁抱科技,將新科技視為打破天生命定自然身體束縛的革命武器,1985年唐娜.哈洛威〈賽伯格宣言〉,開展介於「人與非人、有機與無機、自然與人工」的複合生命體,使「賽伯格」成為創造新認同的虛擬主體象徵符號。1990年代的「後人類」論述承襲「賽伯格」論述,並加入隨著生物科技而不斷升級的自我改造技術,使「後人類」所面對的新難題,恐怕是「我想成為什麼?」而不需再問「我是誰?」的問題。
海內外「賽伯格」或「後人類」論述,以科技社會學取向為主,缺乏當代藝術創作的研究視野與觀點,尤其在美學問題的探討更是稀少或缺乏台灣創作案例的參照討論。因此,本文最主要的研究焦點,在於引入當代藝術反饋後人類主體論述的不足之處,試論後人類身體美學在科技互動與社會模控夾殺的戰場中,能重新發明自我的後人類自我創生所體現「人人都可以是藝術(品)」的美學思考。
This Dissertation “The Posthuman Body Regulation and Control in Contemporary Arts” addresses the main question of the contemporary body aesthetics on “cyborg” and “posthuman”. After the introduction, the chapter 2 traces the development of subjective philosophy and the evolution of science and technology. Following, through the case studies of contemporary arts in the chapter 3 and the chapter 4, this paper looks for the problematics of cybernetic regulation and control system in the arts field, which interact with “information technology” and “biotechnology” academic categories. In the chapter 5, this study aims to explore the posthuman body aesthetic in contemporary arts by collating and analyzing the works from four aesthetic points of view including “Interaction and Control”, “Reality and Virtuality”, “Being and Becoming” and “Individual and Community”. Hence, this research may criticize and respond to the lack of body aesthetics study in the “posthuman” discourse through subjectivity philosophy, science and technology histories and the posthuman discourse as three clues of genealogical discussions, which lead to the conclusion in chapter 6.
The research scope is restricted to the revolution of digital information technology from the 1940s and also the molecular biotechnology revolution from the 1970s until today. The democratizing process of contemporary arts is fusing new technology and emphasizing the interaction and openness, and furthermore, under the influence from Critical Theory of Frankfurt School, the critical points of view about the hegemony of mass media and technology from the sociological aspects gradually appear in the new media arts, the technology art creations and art criticism. However, the cyborg feminism encourages women to embrace science and technology, by taking the new technology as revolutionary weapons to break through the constraints of the natural body. In 1985, Donna Haraway declared “A Cyborg Manifesto” to carry out “cyborg” as a complex life form of “human/nonhuman, organic/inorganic, natural/artificial”, since then the “cyborg” has become a symbol of new identity and fictitious subject. In the 1990s, the “posthuman” study inherited from the “cyborg” theory and escalated the self-fashioning skills with biotechnology. Today, questions might shift from asking, “Who am I?” to “What do I want to be?” in respond to new role of “post-human” in this changing society.
The domestic and foreign research of “cyborg” and “posthuman” discourses are mainly from the Science, Technology and Society(STS) studies, which focus on the sociology orientation, there is still a lack of discussion of contemporary arts, especially in the field of the aesthetic discussion and case study in Taiwan. Therefore, the aims of this study are to indicating the feedback from aspects of contemporary arts to explore the posthuman body aesthetics, and inquiring after the possibility of re-invent the self and self-reproduction on the battlefield between technological interaction and social module controls, which embodies the aesthetic of posthuman reflections when “everyone can be an art(work)”.
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