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題名:公民社會與公共審議:一般公民和社團活躍份子的審議傾向
書刊名:臺灣社會學刊
作者:林國明 引用關係
作者(外文):Lin, Kuo-ming
出版日期:2016
卷期:59
頁次:頁139-186
主題關鍵詞:審議民主公民社會公共審議社會運動公民參與Deliberative democracyCivil groupsPublic deliberationSocial movementCitizen participation
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(6) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:6
  • 共同引用共同引用:166
  • 點閱點閱:117
許多文獻指出,公民社會團體的抗爭性格和策略行動邏輯,與審議民主存在緊張關係。根據這樣的觀點,社團活躍份子與一般公民比較起來,傾向於質疑審議的程序,也不容易改變政策立場;整體來說,他們比較不支持公共審議。這樣的宣稱,缺乏嚴格的經驗檢證。本文以二代健保規劃期間所舉辦的「公民論壇」和「法人論壇」為資料,進行量化與質化分析,發現一般公民和社團活躍份子,他們對政府所舉辦的公共審議論壇的支持程度,並沒有明顯的差異。社團活躍份子和一般公民比起來,雖然對審議的程序比較抱持批判的態度,但他們反而比較可能改變政策態度。本文同時也解釋社團活躍份子審議傾向的差異。我採取「公民社會形構論」的觀點,指出:公民社會團體的組織特質、與其他社會團體以及與國家的關係,這三組因素影響社團活躍份子的審議傾向。我發現,社會團體如果具有內部民主的機制,以及異質的多元意見,其領導人的政策立場比較有彈性,能夠改變偏好。社會團體如果和其他團體有比較強的信任關係,或對政府政策資訊的公開比較滿意,其領導人對審議程序的評價也比較正面。
The literature contains many studies of tension between deliberative democracy and the confrontational characteristics of civic activists. It is said that civic activists are more likely to oppose deliberative democracy than the general citizens. This study compares the deliberative dispositions of the two groups, using data from “citizen forums” and “civic group forums” in which participants discuss financing reforms for Taiwan’s national health insurance program. Results indicate that civic group activists do not necessarily oppose or support deliberative democracy. Instead, it appears that the configuration of society (i.e., the organizational characteristics of civic groups) and their relationships with other groups and the state influence the deliberative dispositions of activists.
期刊論文
1.Hendriks, Carolyn M.(2006)。When the Forum Meets Interest Politics: Strategic Uses of Public Deliberation。Politics & Society,34,571-602。  new window
2.Barabas, Jason(2004)。How deliberation affects policy opinions。American Political Science Review,98(4),687-701。  new window
3.杜文苓(20070600)。審議民主與社會運動:民間團體籌辦新竹科學園區宜蘭基地公民會議的啟發。公共行政學報,23,67-93。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.Young, Iris Marion(2001)。Activist Challenges to Deliberative Democracy。Political Theory,29(5),670-690。  new window
5.Suiter, Jane、Farrell, David M.、O'Malley, Eoin(2016)。When do deliberative citizens change their opinions? Evidence from the Irish Citizens’ Assembly。International Political Science Review,37(2),98-212。  new window
6.Setälä, Maija、Grönlund, Kimmo、Herne, Kaisa(2010)。Citizen Deliberation on Nuclear Power: A Comparison of Two Decision Making Methods。Political Studies,58(4),688-714。  new window
7.Himmelroos, Staffan、Christensen, Henrik Serup(2014)。Deliberation and Opinion Change: Evidence from a Deliberative Mini public in Finland。Scandinavian Political Studies,37(1),41-60。  new window
8.Guston, David H.(1999)。Evaluating the First U.S. Consensus Conference: The Impact of the Citizens' Panel on Telecommunications and the Future of Democracy。Science, Technology & Human Values,24(4),451-482。  new window
9.Gerber, Marlèn、Bächtiger, André、Fiket, Irena、Steenbergen, Marco、Steiner, Jürg(2014)。Deliberative and Non-Deliberative Persuasion: Mechanisms of Opinion Formation in EuroPolis。European Union Politics,15(3),410-429。  new window
10.Farrar, Cynthia、Fishkin, James S.、Green, Donald P.、List, Christian、Luskin, Robert C.、Paluck, Elizabeth Levy(2010)。Disaggregating Deliberation's Effects: An Experiment within a Deliberative Poll。British Journal of Political Science,40(2),333-347。  new window
11.Luskin, Robert C.、Fishkin, James S.、Jowell, Roger(2002)。Considered opinions: Deliberative polling in Britain。British Journal of Political Science,32(3),455-487。  new window
12.Hendriks, Carolyn M.、Dryzek, John S.、Hunold, Christian(2007)。Turning Up the Heat: Partisanship in Deliberative Innovation。Political Studies,55(2),362-383。  new window
13.Hansen, Kasper M.、Andersen, Vibeke Normann(2004)。Deliberative Democracy and the Deliberative Poll on the Euro。Scandinavian Political Studies,27(3),261-286。  new window
14.Fung, Archon(2003)。Survey Article: Recipes for Public Spheres: Eight Institutional Design Choices and Their Consequences。The Journal of Political Philosophy,11(3),338-367。  new window
15.Dryzek, John S.、Tucker, Aviezer(2008)。Deliberative Innovation to Different Effect: Consensus Conferences in Denmark, France, and the United States。Public Administration Review,68(5),864-876。  new window
16.林國明(20131200)。多元的公民審議如何可能?--程序主義與公民社會觀點。臺灣民主季刊,10(4),137-183。new window  延伸查詢new window
17.黃東益(20081200)。審議過後--從行政部門觀點探討公民會議的政策連結。東吳政治學報,26(4),59-96。new window  延伸查詢new window
18.鄧宗業、吳嘉苓(20041200)。法人論壇--新興民主國家的公民參與模式。臺灣民主,1(4),35-56。new window  延伸查詢new window
19.林國明、陳東升(20031200)。公民會議與審議民主:全民健保的公民參與經驗。臺灣社會學,6,61-118。new window  延伸查詢new window
20.陳東升(20060300)。審議民主的限制--臺灣公民會議的經驗。臺灣民主季刊,3(1),77-104。new window  延伸查詢new window
21.林國明(20090600)。國家、公民社會與審議民主:公民會議在臺灣的發展經驗。臺灣社會學,17,161-217。new window  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Habermas, Jürgen、McCarthy, Thomas(1985)。The Theory of Communicative Action, Vol. 1: Reason and the Rationalization of Society。Boston, Massachusetts:Beacon Press。  new window
2.Dryzek, John S.(2006)。Deliberative Global Politics: Discourse and Democracy in a Divided World。Cambridge:London:Polity。  new window
3.della Porta, Donatella(2013)。Democracy Inside Social Movements。Wiley Online Library。  new window
4.Habermas, Jürgen、Burger, Thomas(1991)。The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society。Cambridge, MA:The MIT press。  new window
5.Fishkin, James S.(1995)。The Voice of the People: Public Opinion and Democracy。Yale University Press。  new window
6.Fishkin, James S.(2009)。When the People Speak: Deliberative Democracy and Public Consultation。Oxford University Press。  new window
7.Dryzek, John S.(2000)。Deliberative democracy and beyond: liberals, critics, contestations。Oxford University Press。  new window
圖書論文
1.Elster, Jon(1998)。[Deliberative Democracy] Introduction。Deliberative Democracy。Cambridge University Press。  new window
2.林國明(2014)。全民健保的道德共同體。秩序繽紛的年代:1990-2010。臺北:左岸。  延伸查詢new window
3.Klüver, Lars(2000)。Danish Board of Technology。Parliaments and Technology: The Development of Technology Assessment in Europe。Albany, NY:State University of New York Press。  new window
4.鄧宗業(2004)。公民論壇。公民參與:審議民主的實踐與全民健康保險政策。臺北:行政院衛生署。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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