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題名：大學校園空間組構型態與不安全空間分布之關連性研究
書刊名：造園景觀學報
作者：張淑貞 引用關係／何曉萍 引用關係
作者(外文)：Chang, Shu-chen／Ho, Shiao-ping
出版日期：2019
卷期：23:2
頁次：頁25-50
主題關鍵詞：校園安全；空間型構；安全感知；心理性別；Campus safety；Space syntax；Safety cognition；Psychological gender
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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大學校園通常具有面積廣大、空間型態多樣化和開放性等特質，因此增添了校園空間安全的不確定性，若能了解校園內不安全空間分布與特性，將有助於學校進行不安全空間改善和預防策略。本研究以「空間型構」之靜態型構圖、動線型構圖和視域型構圖等三種分析方法來解析校園空間組構型態，並探討大學校園空間組構型態與不安全空間分布、聽聞受害空間分布、活動空間分布之關係。此外，本研究除了分析生理性別對不安全空間認知之差異外，也將進一步探討心理性別是否會影響不安全空間認知。本研究以台灣中部某所科技大學為實證基地，學生問卷有效樣本353份。研究結果顯示：（1）三種空間型構中以「靜態型構」對校園不安全空間分布有較高的相關性和預測力，此可能與校園空間型態與靜態型構之空間分解方式相近有關；（2）聽聞受害地點與活動強度息息相關，校園衝突事件好發於區位、動線便捷及視線開闊處；（3）不安全空間的指認雖然是一種心理認知，但仍不可輕忽不安全空間指認地點的潛在危險；（4）校園不安全空間的認知仍受生理性別影響較大，而心理性別並無顯著影響力。
The characteristics of university campuses generally include a large area, a variety of spatial patterns and open spaces, and therefore the insecurity of campus space has also increased. Understanding the distribution and characteristics of unsafe spaces on campus will help schools improve insecure spaces and develop preventive strategies. This study analyzes the spatial configuration of campus space by convex maps, axial maps, and visibility graphs of space syntax analysis (SSA), and explores the relationship between spatial configuration and spatial distribution of unsafe, heard-victimized, and activity space. In addition to analyzing the differences in physiological gender perception of unsafe space, this study will further explore whether psychological gender affects unsafe spatial cognition. Our research takes a university of science and technology in central Taiwan as an empirical base to obtain 353 valid samples of student questionnaires. The results show that: (1) Among 3 types of Space Syntax, convex maps have high correlation and detectivity for the campus insecure spatial distribution, and this may be related to the similar spatial decomposition the campus spatial distribution and convex maps have. (2) The heard-victimized location is closely related to the activity intensity. Campus conflict incidents occur in the convenient location, good traffic flow and open visual fields. (3) Although the identification of unsafe space is a kind of psychological cognition, it is still not possible to neglect the potential danger existing in insecure space. (4) Physiological gender has a greater impact on spatial cognition of insecure campus, while psychological gender has no significant influence.
期刊論文
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5.張淑貞、李素馨(20120300)。都市街頭搶奪犯罪熱點分析：日常活動理論之觀點。都市與計劃，39(1)，71-94。new window  延伸查詢new window
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7.Kim, H.-K.、Sohn, D. W.(2002)。An analysis of the relationship between land use density of office buildings and urban street configuration: Case studies of two areas in Seoul by space syntax analysis。Cities，19(6)，409-418。  new window
8.Hillier, B.、Penn, Alan、Hanson, J.、Grajewski, T.、Xu, J.(1993)。Natural Movement: Or, Configuration and Attraction in Urban Pedestrian Movement。Environment and Planning B: Planning and design，20(1)，29-66。  new window
9.Fetchenhauer, Detlef、Buunk, Bram P.(2005)。How to explain gender differences in fear of crime: Towards an evolutionary approach。Sexualities, Evolution, and Gender，7(2)，95-113。  new window
10.張淑貞、何曉萍(20130900)。以眺望、躲藏、脫逃評估安全知覺之類型--以國小校園為例。造園景觀學報，19(3)，35-53。new window  延伸查詢new window
11.Keane, C.(1998)。Evaluating the influence of fear of crime as an environmental mobility restrictor on women's routine activities。Environment and Behavior，30(1)，60-74。  new window
12.張淑貞、李素馨、何曉萍(20140600)。由空間型構法則評估國小校園潛在危險角落。建築學報，88，155-174。new window  延伸查詢new window
13.張淑貞、陳美智、何曉萍(20161200)。都市人、車流量與街道空間型態之關連性分析--以新竹市為例。建築學報，98，81-96。new window  延伸查詢new window
14.Brantingham, P. L.、Brantingham, P. J.(1993)。Nodes, paths and edges: considerations of the complexity of crime and the physical environment。Journal of Environmental Psychology，13，3-28。  new window
15.Devlin, A. S.(2000)。City Behavior and Precautionary Measures。Journal of Applied Social Psychology，30(10)，2158-2172。  new window
16.Dillon, K. M.、Wolf, E.、Katz, H.(2001)。Sex Roles, Gender, and Fear。The Journal of Psychology，119(4)，355-359。  new window
17.Hassinger, J.(1985)。Fear of Crime in Public Environments。Journal of Architectural and Planning Research，2，289-300。  new window
18.Hollander, J. A.(2001)。Vulnerability and Dangerousness: The Construction of Gender through Conversation About Violence。Gender and Society，15(1)，83-109。  new window
19.May, D. C.、Rader, N. E.、Goodrum, S.(2010)。A Gendered Assessment of the "Threat of Victimization": Examining Gender Differences in Fear of Crime, Perceived Risk, Avoidance, and Defensive Behaviors。Criminal Justice Review，35(2)，159-182。  new window
20.Rader, N. E.、Cossman, J. S.、Allison, M.(2009)。Considering the Gendered Nature of Constrained Behavior Practices Among Male and Female College Students。Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice，25(3)，282-299。  new window
21.Rader, N. E.、Hayes, S. H.(2011)。Gendered Fear of Crime Socialization: An Extension of Akers's Social Learning Theory。Feminist Criminology，6(4)，291-307。  new window
22.Scott, H.(2003)。Stranger Danger: Explaining Women's Fear of Crime。Western Criminology Review，4(3)，203-214。  new window
23.Blöbaum, Anke、Hunecke, Marcel(2005)。Perceived danger in urban public space: The Impacts of Physical Features and Personal Factors。Environment & Behavior，37(4)，465-486。  new window
24.Fisher, B. S.、Nasar, J. L.(1992)。Fear of crime in relation to three exterior site features: Prospect, refuge, and escape。Environment & Behavior，24(1)，35-65。  new window
25.Roncek, D.(1981)。Danderous place: Crime and residential environment。Social Forces，60(1)，74-96。  new window
26.Shu, Simon C. F.(2000)。Housing Layout and Crime Vulnerability。Urban Design International，5(3/4)，177-188。  new window
27.Sutton, R. M.、Farrall, S.(2005)。Gender, socially desirable responding and the fear of crime: Are women really more anxious about crime?。The British Journal of Criminology，45(2)，212-224。  new window
28.Warr, M.(1990)。Dangerous situations: Social context and fear of victimization。Social Forces，68(3)，891-907。  new window
29.Bem, Sandra L.(1974)。The measurement of psychological androgyny。Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology，42(2)，155-162。  new window
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31.Cohn, E. G.(1990)。Weather and crime。British Journal of Criminology，30(1)，51-64。  new window
會議論文
1.Bozogáňová, M.(2015)。Gender and Gender Roles in the Context of the Perceived Safety。Conference: Sociální procesy a osobnost，(會議日期: September 2015)。  new window
2.Morta, A. R. T.、Hermosa, N. P.、Castro, J. T.(2009)。Examining accessibility in the occurrence of campus crime。Metro Manila, Philippines：Transportation Science Society of the Philippines。  new window
學位論文
1.吳玫芳(2005)。以女性安全觀點探討校園空間規劃之研究--以中國科技大學為例(碩士論文)。中國技術學院，台北市。  延伸查詢new window
2.Fernandez, M.(2005)。Crime Prevention and the Perception of Safety in Campus Design(碩士論文)。Louisiana State University。  new window
3.簡國雄(2013)。校園安全巡邏系統之研究--以吳鳳科大為例(碩士論文)。吳鳳科技大學。  延伸查詢new window
4.林蕙文(2016)。大專院校校園安全管理與學生校園安全氣氛知覺研究--以新北市技術學院為例(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
5.莊博涵(2010)。校園環境之恐懼認知研究--以師大校園為例(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
6.楊學展(2007)。參觀者尋路行為與大型展示空間組構結合標示系統之影響--以國立台灣美術館為例(碩士論文)。逢甲大學。  延伸查詢new window
7.邱逸華(1999)。女性大學生犯罪被害恐懼感之研究：整合模式之實證分析(碩士論文)。國立中正大學，嘉義縣。  延伸查詢new window
8.楊英鴻(1998)。大學校園安全空間規劃之研究(碩士論文)。國立成功大學。  延伸查詢new window
9.陳志榮(2004)。以空間型構理論應用於大學校園安全空間規劃之研究--以逢甲大學、靜宜大學為例(碩士論文)。逢甲大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Burr, Vivien、楊宜憓、高之梅(2002)。性別與社會心理學。臺北：五南。  延伸查詢new window
2.Hillier, Bill、Hanson, Julienne(1984)。The Social Logic of Space。Cambridge University Press。  new window
3.李美枝(1984)。女性心理學。台北：大洋出版社。  延伸查詢new window
4.Florida Department of Education(2003)。Florida Safe School Design Gcuidelines Strategies to Enhance Security and Reduce Vandalism。Tallahassee, FL。  new window
5.Lee, M.(2013)。Inventing Fear of Crime: Criminology and the Politics of Anxiety。Routledge。  new window
6.Abrahamsen, D.(1960)。The psychology of crime。New York：Columbia University Press。  new window
7.Appleton, Jay(1975)。The Experience of Landscape。John Wiley & Sons, Inc.。  new window
8.Jeffery, C. Ray(1971)。Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design。Sage。  new window
9.Felson, Marcus、Clarke, Ronald V.(1998)。Opportunity makes the thief。Home Office。  new window
其他
1.畢恆達，吳瑾嫣，唐筱雯，鄭湘敏，吳怡玲，柳廷岳(2000)。小畢的網站文字／校園空間與性別，http://web.bp.ntu.edu.tw/WebUsers/habih/。  延伸查詢new window
2.Long, Y.，Baran, P. K.(2006)。Spatial Configuration and Actual Crime Locations in a University Campus Setting，http://www.ncsu.edu/www/ncsu/design/sod5/phd/content/urban.html。  new window
3.Schneider, T.(2001)。Safer Schools Through Environmental Design。  new window
圖書論文
1.Chambless, D. L.(1982)。Characteristics of Agoraphobia。Goraphobia: Multiple Perspectives on Theory and Treatment。New York：Wiley。  new window
2.Fodor, I. G.(1974)。The Phobic Syndrorne in Wornen。Women in Therapy。New York：Brunner/Mazel。  new window
3.Spielberger, C. D.(1972)。Conceptional and Methodological Issues in Anxiety Research。Anxiety: Current trends in theory and research。New York：Academic Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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