This paper aims to describe the translation activity by translators in Taiwan during the Early Martial Law Period (1950-1955), when the island was rendered in the state of war. The regime and the conversion of the government created barriers for the majority of native Taiwanese to use the official language. Under the circumstances, the publication of Mandarin-written books was languishing while the circulation of Mandarin-written magazines was increasing thanks to shorter length of magazine articles and fewer pages of periodicals. Both of these characteristic lead to the facility of publishing magazines, whose prominence in the Early Martial Law Period motivates the researcher to scrutinize the magazines founded in 1950 in Taiwan, including Dāng Dài Qīng Nián (1950-1955), Chàng Liú (1950-1991), Bàn Yuè Wén Yì (1950-1955), Zì Yóu Tán (1950-1987), and Shí Suì (1950-1989). In this study, 2,154 translated pieces published in the magazines, mostly under pseudonyms, have been collected, and 108 translators have been identified through perusal of historical documents and interviews with the participants. These articles, mostly translated from British and American magazines from English to Mandarin, criticized communist regimes and introduced the politics, economics, medicine, science, art and literature in the Western democratic camp. The majority of the contributors were the immigrants from the mainland, who and their Taiwanese counterparts tended to domesticate the originals to help the islanders learn Mandarin from their fluent translations. As the study shows, the translators could not only have assisted in implementing the government's language policy, but also have aided in the execution of the pro-American and anti-communist national policy, embodying the relation between translation and politics in miniature.